Fluid Assessment and Balance

Question 1

what is mainly in the extracellular compartment?

Answer 1

sodium

chloride

Question 2

what is mainly in the intracellular compartment?

Answer 2

potassium

organic anions

Question 3

high sodium content means what for the ECV?

Answer 3

higher volume in ECV

Question 4

how to calculate the osmolality concentration quickly?

Answer 4

GUN2

Glucose, urea, Nax2

Question 5

normal ECV?

Answer 5

33%

Question 6

normal ICV?

Answer 6

66%

Question 7

ECV vary with water intake?

Answer 7

Not really, mostly osmolar content

Question 8

ICV varies with water intake?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

total body water is circa___%?

Answer 9

60%

Question 10

how to adjust ECV?

Answer 10

modify Na and water

Question 11

how to adjust ICV?

Answer 11

modify water only intake

Question 12

2 causes of high plasma osmolality:

Answer 12

1. not enough water in

2. not enough Na+ out

Question 13

low plasma osmolality/sodium can lead to what 2 presentations?

Answer 13

altered sensorium

seizures

Question 14

how do you get low plasma osmolality/sodium?

Answer 14

increased water intake

Question 15

3 causes of increased water intake in body/drugs

Answer 15

increased ADH
renal impairment
diuretics

Question 16

ECV correlates with blood volume unless?

Answer 16

• hypoalbunemia

- leaky capillaries

Question 17

what’s normal K+ levels?

Answer 17

3.5-5.0mmol/l

Question 18

abnormal K+ can reflect?

Answer 18

shift between ICV/ECV or deficientcy/excess

Question 19

what 4 things shifts K+ into cells?

Answer 19

insulin,
B-agonists,
aldosterone,
alkalosis

Question 20

plasma sodium does not tell you:

Answer 20

body sodium content

Question 21

since intracellular osmols are relatively constant, what reflects intracellular volume?

Answer 21

plasma osmolility

Question 22

what is K+ like in diabetic ketoacidosis?

Answer 22

low K+