Skills

Question 1

what is a skill?

Answer 1

the learned ability to bring about a predetermined result with the minimum outlay of time energy, or both

Question 2

what are the 7 characteristics of a skill?

Answer 2

Aesthetic
Controlled
Efficient
Fluent
Accurate
Consistent
Economic

Question 3

what is the triangle of skill development?

Answer 3

sport specific skill -> fundamental skill -> ability

Question 4

what are fine and gross skills?

Answer 4

fine= a skill that uses small muscles groups and a small range of movement

gross=a skill that uses large muscles groups and a large range of movement

Question 5

what are open and closed skills?

Answer 5

open= a skill performed in an unpredictable environment

closed= a skill performed in a predictable environment

Question 6

what are discrete, serial and continuous skills?

Answer 6

discrete= a skill that has a clear beginning and end

serial= a skill which consists of several discrete skills linked together in a specific order

continuous= a skill that has no clear beginning or end

Question 7

what are self-paced and externally-paced skills?

Answer 7

self-paced= a skill where the performer controls initiation, speed and pace at which the skill is performed at

externally-paced= a skill where the performer has no control over the initiation, speed and pace of the movements

Question 8

what is a simple and complex skill?

Answer 8

simple= a skill that requires very few decision to be made and very little information processing

complex= a skill that requires lots of decision making and lots of information processing

Question 9

what is a low organisation and high organisation skill?

Answer 9

low-organised= a skill that is easily broken down into sub-routines

high-organised= a skill that is difficult to break down into sub-routines

Question 10

define transfer of learning.

Answer 10

how the learning + performance of one skill affects the learning of another

Question 11

what is positive transfer?

Answer 11

when the learning of one skill aids/helps the learning of another skill
– so a positive impact occurs when a skill is performed in one sport as well as another

Question 12

what is an example of positive transfer?

Answer 12

a pass in netball + a pass in basketball

Question 13

what is negative transfer?

Answer 13

when the learning of one skill hinders the learning of another

Question 14

what is an example of negative transfer?

Answer 14

serving in tennis + serving in badminton

Question 15

what is zero transfer?

Answer 15

when the learning of one skill does affect the learning of another

Question 16

what is an example of zero transfer?

Answer 16

a swimming stroke + skiing

Question 17

what is bilateral transfer?

Answer 17

when the learning of one skill is passed across the body from limb to limb

Question 18

what is an example of bilateral transfer?

Answer 18

kicking a football with you left foot and kicking a football with your right foot

Question 19

what are the 5 ways to ensure positive transfer?

Answer 19

–make training realistic
–ensure one skill is thoroughly learned before moving onto the next
–reward and reinforce correct adaptations using praise
–coach highlights elements of skills that are similar
–ensure original task is well-learnt/practcised