Sketchy Micro: Trematodes Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is at risk for Schistosoma infection?

A

Swimmers (like the swimmer in the aquarium)

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2
Q

Describe the Schistosoma life cycle.

A

They mature in the liver and get pooped. Snails are intermediate hosts (like the snails stuck to the aquarium wall).

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3
Q

How do mature Schistosoma get to the GI tract from the liver?

A

They travel against the flow in the portal vein.

Think of the two red fish going opposite the school of blue fish in the porthole.

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4
Q

S. mansoni and S. japonicum reside in ________________.

A

the mesenteric veins (like the fish in front of the merMAN and the JAPaNese tourists looking in through the porthole)

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5
Q

Describe the protrusions of S. mansoni and S. japonicum.

A

S. mansoni has a long, lateral spine (like the long fish in front of the merman statue with the protruding fin) and S. japonicum has a tiny spine (“it’s almost perfectly round, like the Japanese flag”).

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6
Q

S. mansoni and S. japonicum cause what acute and chronic symptoms?

A
  • Acute: itching at the site of infection (“swimmer’s itch”)
  • Chronic: portal hypertension (like the porthole glass cracking under the pressure and the yellow coat –symbolizing jaundice –on the tourist)
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7
Q

Describe the shape of S. haemotobium.

A

It has a long, terminal spine (like the swordfish stabbing the bladder-shaped jellyfish).

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8
Q

What drug treats Schistosoma?

A

Praziquantel (like the pretzel in the tank that the swimmer dove in after)

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9
Q

What is the scientific name for Chinese liver fluke?

A

Clonorchis sinensis (orca whale)

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10
Q

Clonorchis sinensis causes what chronic complications?

A
  • Biliary fibrosis which can progress to cholangiocarcinoma (like the seagull with the fibrous rope attached to the crab)
  • Pigmented gallstones (like the stack of dark stones that the other seagull is standing on)
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11
Q

How can you diagnose C. sinensis?

A

There will be operculated eggs on stool O&P.

Think of the eggs with the yarmulke-like hats.

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12
Q

What is the treatment for C. sinensis?

A

Praziquantel (like the pretzel being eaten by the seagull in the corner)

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13
Q

Paragonimus westermani can cause ________________.

A

chronic cough with bloody sputum (like the PenGuins with red spots on their chests)

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14
Q

How is P. westermani transmitted?

A

Snails are the intermediate host (like the snails on the glass), but humans usually get it from eating inadequately cooked crab (like the penguins eating crab legs).

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15
Q

How can P. westermani be diagnosed?

A

Like Clonorchis sinensis, P. westermani will present with operculated eggs on stool O&P (like the yamulke eggs next to the penguins).

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16
Q

How can P. westermani be treated?

A

With praziquantel (like the pretzel in the other penguin’s mouth)