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Human Anatomy > Skeleton > Flashcards

Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cranial bones held together by?

A

immovable joints called sutures

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the facial bones?

A
  • to form a framework for the face
  • protect delicate sense organs
  • anchor muscles of the face
  • hold the teeth
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3
Q

What is the purpose of the cranium?

A
  • enclose the brain

- provide attachment site for neck and head muscles

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4
Q

What makes up the ethmoid bone?

A
  • middle nasal concha

- perpendicular plate

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5
Q

What 2 bones does the coronal suture hold together?

A

frontal and parietal bone

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6
Q

What 2 bones does the squamous suture hold together?

A

parietal and temporal bone

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7
Q

What 2 bones does the lambdoid suture hold together?

A

parietal and occipital bone

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8
Q

What 2 bones does the sagittal suture hold together?

A

the two parietal bones

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9
Q

What 2 bones does the occipitomastoid suture hold together?

A

occipital and temporal bone

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10
Q

What bones make up the hard palate?

A

maxilla and palatine bone

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11
Q

What is the purpose of the vertebral column?

A
  • formed by 26 adult bones
  • transmits weight of trunk to lower limbs
  • surrounds and protects spinal cord
  • attachment site for neck and back muscles
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12
Q

When does the thoracic and sacral curves formed?

A

during fetal development

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13
Q

When does the cervical curve form?

A

when an infant raises head at 4 months

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14
Q

When does the lumbar curve form?

A

when an infant sits up and begins to walk at 1 year

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15
Q

Intervertebral discs compose _____ % of the height of the vertebral column

A

25%

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the nucleus pulposus?

A

to absorb compressive stresses

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17
Q

What is the purpose of the anulus fibrosus?

A
  • binds vertebrae together
  • resists tension on the spine
  • absorbs compressive forces
18
Q

What can cause a herniated disc? What is a herniated disc?

A

can happen due to age or spine trauma

  • nucleus pulposus loses cushion
  • anulus fibrosus weakens
19
Q

What is formed by the superior and inferior vertebral notches of adjacent vertebrae?

A

intervertebral foramen

20
Q

Which curve of the spine has bifid spinous processes?

A

C1-C6

C7 has vertebra prominens

21
Q

Allows for flexion and extension of the neck?

A

atlas C1

22
Q

Acts as a pivot point for rotation of atlas?

A

axis C2

23
Q

What hold the axis in place?

A

the transverse ligaments

24
Q

Scoliosis

A

-lateral curvature of thoracic region
-common in girls
results from…
-abnormally structures vertebrae
-unequal lower limb length
-impaired muscle function

25
Q

Kyphosis

A
  • hunchback
  • exaggerated thoracic curve
  • common in aged woman (spinal fractures due to osteoporosis)
26
Q

Lordosis

A
  • sway back
  • accentuated lumbar curve
  • temporary in obese men and pregnant women
27
Q

What is it called when you have an extra lumbar vertebrae?

A

lumbosacral transitional vertebrae

28
Q

Which cartilage provides support with flexibility and resilience?

A

hyaline cartilage

29
Q

Which cartilage is the most flexible?

A

elastic cartilage

30
Q

Which cartilage is highly compressible and has great tensile strength?

A

fibrocartilage

31
Q

The glenoid cavity has _____ flexibility and ______ stability

A

great, poor

32
Q

Shoulder dislocation vs separation

A
  • head of humerus dislocates forwards and down

- acromioclavicular joint dislocates

33
Q

What are the functions of the clavicles?

A
  • attachment for muscles
  • hold arms superiorly and laterally
  • transmit compression forces from upper limb to axial skeleton
34
Q

Which is the largest and strongest bone of the upper limb?

A

humerus

35
Q

What is the function of the ulna?

A
  • responsible for forming elbow joint

- hinge joint allows arm to bend

36
Q

What is the function of the radius?

A

-to articulate with carpal bones and form wrist joint

37
Q

Which carpal bones articulate with the radius?

A

scaphoid and lunate

38
Q

The Acetabulum has _________ stability and ______ flexibility

A

great, poor

39
Q

What is the strongest part of the hip bone?

A

the ischial tuberosities

40
Q

What is the longest and strongest bone of the body?

A

femur

41
Q

What type of bone is the patella?

A

sesamoid

Human Anatomy (19 decks)

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