Muscles

Question 1

What are fascicles?

Answer 1

• bundle of muscle fibres that run parallel to each other

- arrangement tells the action of the muscle and determines the ROM and power

Question 2

Skeletal muscle fibres shorten to ____ % of resting length

Answer 2

70%

Question 3

How is the power of a muscle determined?

Answer 3

-by the number and length of fibres

Question 4

What kind of tissue divides limb muscles into compartments?

Answer 4

dense regular connective tissue

Question 5

What are muscle compartments?

Answer 5

groups of muscles that arose from common embryonic origin

Question 6

Anterior compartment muscles of the arm ______ while posterior compartment muscles _______

Answer 6

• flex shoulder and elbow

- extend shoulder and elbow

Question 7

Anterior compartment muscles of the thigh ______ while posterior compartment muscles _______

Answer 7

• flex the hip and extend the knee

- extend the hip and flex the knee

Question 8

Medial compartment muscles of the thigh______ while lateral compartment muscles _______

Answer 8

• adduct thigh

- abduct thigh

Question 9

How are skeletal muscles named?

Answer 9

• location
• shape
• relative size
• direction of fascicles and muscle fibres
• location of attachments
• number of orgins
• action

Question 10

The muscles of the chest, shoulder, and back are involved with __________ of the scapula

Answer 10

elevation/ depression
medial/ lateral rotation
protraction/ retraction

Question 11

The muscles of the chest, shoulder, and back are involved with __________ of the humerus

Answer 11

flexion/ extension
adduction/ abduction
medial/ lateral rotation

Question 12

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?

Answer 12

• subscapularis (medial rotator of humerus)
• supraspinatous (abduction)
• infraspinatous (lateral rotation of humerus)
• teres minor (lateral rotation of humerus)

Question 13

Muscles of the arm are involved with ______________ of the forearm

Answer 13

flexion, extension, and supination

Question 14

What are the chief forearm flexors?

Answer 14

brachialis and biceps brachii

bicep brachii also supinates

Question 15

What acts as a synergist and stabilizes the elbow during flexion?

Answer 15

brachioradialis

Question 16

What is the prime mover of forearm extension?

Answer 16

triceps brachii

Question 17

Muscles of the hip and gluteal region are involved with _________ of the femur

Answer 17

flexion/ extension
adduction/ abduction
-medial/ lateral rotation

Question 18

Which muscles flex the thigh? What is their origin?

Answer 18

iliacus and psoas major; iliopsoas, and sartorius

originate on the pelvis or vertebral column

Question 19

What is the role of the muscles that originate on the pelvis or sacrum?

Answer 19

gluteus maximus- extends thigh

gluteus medius and minimus- abduct thigh

Question 20

Which muscles adduct the thigh?

Answer 20

medial compartment muscles

adductor longus/ brevis/ magnus, pectineus, and gracilis

Question 21

Which muscle of the major lateral rotator of the thigh?

Answer 21

piriformis

Question 22

What are the four powerful knee extensors?

Answer 22

rectus femoris

vastus lateralis/ medialis/ intermedius

Question 23

What is the role of the tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 23

steadies the trunk on thigh by making IT band taut

Question 24

What muscles are the prime movers of hip extension and knee flexion?

Answer 24

hamstrings

Question 25

Which muscles share a common origin on the ischial tuberosity?

Answer 25

hamstrings
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus

Question 26

What muscles are responsible for plantar flexion?

Answer 26

gastrocnemius and soleus