Skeletal System Part 1

Question 1

uses of Endochondral Ossification

Answer 1

natural healing of bone fractures

Question 2

Total Appendicular bones

Answer 2

126

Question 3

cavity of the shaft that is primarily a storage area for adipose (fat) tissue

Answer 3

Yellow Marrow

Question 5

the ends of the long bones

Answer 5

Epiphysis

Question 6

Examples of Flat bones

Answer 6

skull, ribs, sternum

Question 7

Examples of Long bones

Answer 7

all bones of the limbs except the patella (kneecap) and wrists and ankle bones

Question 8

They have two thin layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them

Answer 8

Flat bones

Question 9

Examples of irregular bones

Answer 9

vertebrae, hip bones

Question 10

Gross Structure of a Long bone

Answer 10

Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Epiphysis Line

Question 11

make up most of bone’s length; composed of compact bone

Answer 11

Diaphysis or shaft

Question 12

a thin line of decalcified bony tissue spanning the epiphysis in adult bones

Answer 12

Epiphysis line

Question 13

Functions oF Skeletal System

Answer 13

provides support
provides protection for the internal organs
allows body movements
stores minerals and fat
site of blood cell production

Question 14

Examples of Short bones

Answer 14

wrist and ankles, sesamoid bones (e.g. patella)

Question 15

A fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers and protects the diaphysis

Answer 15

periosteum

Question 16

glassy hyaline cartilate that covers external surface of Epiphysis

Answer 16

Articular cartilage

Question 17

Two membranes that cover the bone

Answer 17

Periosteum

Endosteum

Question 18

bones that do not fint in any categories

Answer 18

Irregular bones

Question 19

thinner connective tissue membrane that lines the surface of the medullary cavity

Answer 19

Endosteum

Question 20

Two types of marrow

Answer 20

red marrow

yellow marrow

Question 21

Three types of bone cells

Answer 21

Osteocyte
Osteoblast
Osteoclast

Question 22

consist of blood-forming cells; confined to the cavities of spongy bone or flat bones and the epiphyses of some long bones

Answer 22

Red Marrow

Question 23

Classification of bones

Answer 23

Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones

Question 24

cartilage seen in young, growing bones; cause the lengthwise growth of a long bone

Answer 24

epiphyseal plate

Question 25

In adults, the cavity of the shaft is medullary cavity or

Answer 25

yellow marrow

Question 26

generally cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone

Answer 26

Short Bones

Question 27

dense and looks smooth and homogenous

Answer 27

compact bone

Question 28

runs lengthwise through the bony matrix; carries blood vessels and nerves to all areas of the bone

Answer 28

Central Canal

Question 29

composed of lacunae that are arranged in concentric circles

Answer 29

Lamellae

Question 30

Two divisions of Human Skeleton

Answer 30

Axial | Appendicular

Question 31

a dense connective tissue that covers the outer surface of the bone; contains blood vessels and nerves

Answer 31

Periosteum

Question 32

connects central canals; provides communication between outside and interior of bone

Answer 32

perforating/ Volkmann's canals

Question 33

thin, flattened, and usually curved

Answer 33

Flat bones

Question 34

two primary minerals stored in bones

Answer 34

calcium and phosphorus

Question 35

must be present in the blood at all times for the nervous system to transmit messages, for muscles to contract and for blood to clot

Answer 35

calcium

Question 36

ossification process that occurs within the cartilage

Answer 36

Endochondral Ossification/ Cartilaganous ossification

Question 37

blood cell formation

Answer 37

hematopoiesis

Question 38

discovered haversian system

Answer 38

Clopton Havers

Question 39

Two types of bone formation

Answer 39

Intramembranous Ossification | Endochondral Ossification/ Cartilaganous bone formation

Question 40

Osteogenic cells form

Answer 40

Osteoblast

Question 41

Mesenchymal Cells in embryonic time form

Answer 41

osteogenic cells

Question 42

secure the periosteum to the underlying bone

Answer 42

perforating/ Sharpey's fibers

Question 43

Osteoblasts form

Answer 43

Osteocytes

Question 44

Types of bone tissue

Answer 44

compact bone | spongy bone

Question 45

tiny canals radiating outward from the central canals to all lacunae

Answer 45

Canaliculi

Question 46

Intramembranous Ossification occurs in

Answer 46

flat bones

Question 47

composed of complex structure of central canal and matrix rings

Answer 47

Haversian System or osteon

Question 48

typically longer than they are wide

Answer 48

Long bones

Question 49

tiny cavities within the matrix where osteocytes can be found

Answer 49

Lacunae

Question 50

Endochondral Ossification occurs in

Answer 50

long bones

Question 51

forms bone collar

Answer 51

perichondrium

Question 52

forms periosteum

Answer 52

bone collar

Question 53

bone forming cells

Answer 53

Osteoblast

Question 54

ossification process that occurs within connective tissue membrane

Answer 54

Intramembranous Ossification

Question 55

bone eating cells/giant bon-destorying cells in bone to breakdown bone matrix and releace calcium ions into the blood

Answer 55

Osteoclast

Question 56

function of Osteoclast

Answer 56

bone resorption

Question 57

bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body

Answer 57

Axial

Question 58

consists of bones of the upper and lower limbs and their girldles

Answer 58

Appendicular

Question 59

Total Axial bones

Answer 59

80

Question 60

stem cells within medullary cavity

Answer 60

mesenchymal cells

Question 61

composed of small needle-like pieces of bone and lots of open spaces

Answer 61

spongy bone

Question 61

mature bone cells

Answer 61

Osteocyte