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Anatomy > Skeletal System Part 1 > Flashcards

Skeletal System Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

uses of Endochondral Ossification

A

natural healing of bone fractures

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2
Q

Total Appendicular bones

A

126

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3
Q

cavity of the shaft that is primarily a storage area for adipose (fat) tissue

A

Yellow Marrow

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5
Q

the ends of the long bones

A

Epiphysis

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6
Q

Examples of Flat bones

A

skull, ribs, sternum

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7
Q

Examples of Long bones

A

all bones of the limbs except the patella (kneecap) and wrists and ankle bones

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8
Q

They have two thin layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them

A

Flat bones

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9
Q

Examples of irregular bones

A

vertebrae, hip bones

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10
Q

Gross Structure of a Long bone

A

Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Epiphysis Line

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11
Q

make up most of bone’s length; composed of compact bone

A

Diaphysis or shaft

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12
Q

a thin line of decalcified bony tissue spanning the epiphysis in adult bones

A

Epiphysis line

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13
Q

Functions oF Skeletal System

A 
provides support
provides protection for the internal organs
allows body movements
stores minerals and fat
site of blood cell production
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14
Q

Examples of Short bones

A

wrist and ankles, sesamoid bones (e.g. patella)

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15
Q

A fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers and protects the diaphysis

A

periosteum

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16
Q

glassy hyaline cartilate that covers external surface of Epiphysis

A

Articular cartilage

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17
Q

Two membranes that cover the bone

A

Periosteum

Endosteum

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18
Q

bones that do not fint in any categories

A

Irregular bones

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19
Q

thinner connective tissue membrane that lines the surface of the medullary cavity

A

Endosteum

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20
Q

Two types of marrow

A

red marrow

yellow marrow

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21
Q

Three types of bone cells

A

Osteocyte
Osteoblast
Osteoclast

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22
Q

consist of blood-forming cells; confined to the cavities of spongy bone or flat bones and the epiphyses of some long bones

A

Red Marrow

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23
Q

Classification of bones

A

Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones

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24
Q

cartilage seen in young, growing bones; cause the lengthwise growth of a long bone

A

epiphyseal plate

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25
Q

In adults, the cavity of the shaft is medullary cavity or

A

yellow marrow

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26
Q

generally cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone

A

Short Bones

27
Q

dense and looks smooth and homogenous

A

compact bone

28
Q

runs lengthwise through the bony matrix; carries blood vessels and nerves to all areas of the bone

A

Central Canal

29
Q

composed of lacunae that are arranged in concentric circles

A

Lamellae

30
Q

Two divisions of Human Skeleton

A

Axial

Appendicular

31
Q

a dense connective tissue that covers the outer surface of the bone; contains blood vessels and nerves

A

Periosteum

32
Q

connects central canals; provides communication between outside and interior of bone

A

perforating/ Volkmann’s canals

33
Q

thin, flattened, and usually curved

A

Flat bones

34
Q

two primary minerals stored in bones

A

calcium and phosphorus

35
Q

must be present in the blood at all times for the nervous system to transmit messages, for muscles to contract and for blood to clot

A

calcium

36
Q

ossification process that occurs within the cartilage

A

Endochondral Ossification/ Cartilaganous ossification

37
Q

blood cell formation

A

hematopoiesis

38
Q

discovered haversian system

A

Clopton Havers

39
Q

Two types of bone formation

A

Intramembranous Ossification

Endochondral Ossification/ Cartilaganous bone formation

40
Q

Osteogenic cells form

A

Osteoblast

41
Q

Mesenchymal Cells in embryonic time form

A

osteogenic cells

42
Q

secure the periosteum to the underlying bone

A

perforating/ Sharpey’s fibers

43
Q

Osteoblasts form

A

Osteocytes

44
Q

Types of bone tissue

A

compact bone

spongy bone

45
Q

tiny canals radiating outward from the central canals to all lacunae

A

Canaliculi

46
Q

Intramembranous Ossification occurs in

A

flat bones

47
Q

composed of complex structure of central canal and matrix rings

A

Haversian System or osteon

48
Q

typically longer than they are wide

A

Long bones

49
Q

tiny cavities within the matrix where osteocytes can be found

A

Lacunae

50
Q

Endochondral Ossification occurs in

A

long bones

51
Q

forms bone collar

A

perichondrium

52
Q

forms periosteum

A

bone collar

53
Q

bone forming cells

A

Osteoblast

54
Q

ossification process that occurs within connective tissue membrane

A

Intramembranous Ossification

55
Q

bone eating cells/giant bon-destorying cells in bone to breakdown bone matrix and releace calcium ions into the blood

A

Osteoclast

56
Q

function of Osteoclast

A

bone resorption

57
Q

bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body

A

Axial

58
Q

consists of bones of the upper and lower limbs and their girldles

A

Appendicular

59
Q

Total Axial bones

A

80

60
Q

stem cells within medullary cavity

A

mesenchymal cells

61
Q

composed of small needle-like pieces of bone and lots of open spaces

A

spongy bone

61
Q

mature bone cells

A

Osteocyte

Anatomy (19 decks)

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