Skeletal System

Question 1

human skeleton is an – divided into the axial and appendicular skeletons

Answer 1

endoskeleton

Question 2

skull, – , and rib cage = axial

Answer 2

vertebrae

Question 3

pelvic and shoulder girdles and – = appendicular

Answer 3

limbs

Question 4

skeleton is used for protection of internal organs, support, storage of calcium and phosphates, production of blood cells, and –

Answer 4

movement

Question 5

skeleton itself is made of bones and –

Answer 5

associated cartilage

Question 6

cartilage is a – tissue

Answer 6

connective

Question 7

the matrix is termed –

Answer 7

chondrin

Question 8

primary cell type is –

Answer 8

chondrocyte

Question 9

during embryonic development, the skeleton begins as –

Answer 9

cartilage

Question 10

during the developmental period, much of the cartilage is subject to – where it is turned into bone by calcification

Answer 10

ossification

Question 11

cartilage is found in adult skeleton in the nose, ears, disks between vertebrae, rib cage, joints and –

Answer 11

trachea

Question 12

T/F: cartilage is unique in that is contains no blood vessels or nerves

Answer 12

true

Question 13

ends of bone are typically covered in cartilage and are termed –

Answer 13

epiphyses

Question 14

ends of bone are made primarily of – covered in a thin layer of compact bone

Answer 14

spongy bone

Question 15

– of bone is made of compact bone surrounding a marrow cavity

Answer 15

shaft (diaphysis)

Question 16

is a disk of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from each epiphysis

Answer 16

epiphyseal plate

Question 17

bone lengthening occurs at the –

Answer 17

epiphyseal plate

Question 18

– surrounds the bone in a fibrous sheath and acts as a site for the attachment of muscles via tendons

Answer 18

periosteum

Question 19

the microscopic structure of bone consists of the matrix that is found within –

Answer 19

osteon

Question 20

there is a – within each osteon that contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

Answer 20

Haversian canal

Question 21

the Haversian canal is surrounded by – which are concentric circles of hard matrix

Answer 21

lamellae

Question 22

within the matrix of the lamellae, there are small spaces called – where mature bone cells reside

Answer 22

lacunae

Question 23

found within the lacunae of osteons

Answer 23

osteocytes

Question 24

osteocytes are – involved in the maintenance of bone tissue

Answer 24

mature bone cells

Question 25

osteoblasts and osteoclasts are – found within bone tissue and involved in bone remodeling

Answer 25

immature bone cells

Question 26

build bone by producing components of the matrix

Answer 26

osteoblast

Question 27

break down bone in the process of bone reabsorption

Answer 27

osteoclasts

Question 28

eventually, osteoblasts and osteoclasts will become trapped within a – of bone tissue and become osteocytes

Answer 28

matrix

Question 29

osteoblasts are also responsible for – and ossification during development

Answer 29

bone growth

Question 30

hormones – from the thyroid gland and PTH from parathyroid glands are responsible for bone remodeling

Answer 30

calcitonin

Question 31

part of the tooth we see above the gums

Answer 31

crown

Question 32

part of the teeth below gums

Answer 32

root

Question 33

enamel portion of the crown is mainly composed of –

Answer 33

hydroxylapatite Ca5(PO4)3(OH)

Question 34

soft layer that can absorb impact

Answer 34

dentin

Question 35

dentin is covered by – a bone that is connected to the jaw (alveolar bone)

Answer 35

cementum

Question 36

cementum and alveolar bone are connected via elastic fibers called –

Answer 36

periodontal ligaments