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Structure and Function of Systems > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

– cardiac muscle of the heart

A

myocardium

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2
Q

blood essentially flows in – loops or circuits within the body

A

two

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3
Q

– side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps this blood to the lungs to be oxygenated

A

right

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4
Q

right side is considered part of the – circuit

A

pulmonary

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5
Q

– side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body

A

left

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6
Q

left side is considered part of the – circuit

A

systemic

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7
Q

a fluid-filled sac called – surrounds the entire heart

A

pericardium

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8
Q

thick barricade between the two sides of the heart

A

septum

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9
Q

atrium and ventricle is separated by

A

atrioventricular (AV) valves

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10
Q

– is between the right atrium and right ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

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11
Q

– is between the left atrium and left ventricle

A

bicuspid (mitral) valve

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12
Q

– regulate the flow of blood out of the ventricles

A

semilunar valves

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13
Q

– regulate blood leaving the right ventricle

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

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14
Q

– regulate blood leaving left ventricle

A

aortic semilunar valve

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15
Q

pulmonary circuit begins when veins within the body merge into the – which lie on the dorsal wall of the thoracic and abdominal cavities

A

venae cavae

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16
Q

– venae cavae comes from the head and neck

A

superior

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17
Q

– venae cave comes from the trunk and lower extremities

A

inferior

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18
Q

venae cave carry – blood and merge into the right atrium of the heart

A

deoxygenated

19
Q

as the atrium –, blood with pass through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle

A

contracts

20
Q

as the right ventricle contracts, blood passes through the – into the pulmonary arteries

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

21
Q

– carry blood to the lungs and are the only arteries that do not carry oxygenated blood

A

pulmonary arteries

22
Q

after gas exchange, – carry the oxygenated blood toward the left side to the heart into the systemic circuit

A

pulmonary veins

23
Q

pulmonary veins are the only veins that carry – blood

A

oxygenated

24
Q

blood reenters the heart through the –

A

left atrium

25
Q

As the left atrium contracts (in sync with right atrium contraction), blood is pushed through the – into the left ventricles

A

bicuspid valve

26
Q

when left ventricle contracts (in sync with right ventricle), blood is pushed into the aorta via the –

A

aortic semilunar valve

27
Q

largest artery which runs along the dorsal wall of the body next to the inferior vena cava

A

aorta

28
Q

first branches off the aorta, –, which serve to provide circulation to the surface of the heart

A

coronary arteries

29
Q

blockage of the coronary arteries stop blood flow which is characteristic of a –

A

heart attack

30
Q

after blood flows through the coronary arteries, deoxygenated blood is returned to the right side of the heart via -

A

coronary veins

31
Q

cardiac muscle is – as it has the ability to contract on its own without stimulation from the nervous system

A

involuntary

32
Q

the – that generate heart contraction need to be spread through the conducting system of the heart

A

impulses

33
Q

– aka pacemaker, is a bundle of conducting cells in the top of the right atrium that initiate contractions

A

sinoatrial (SA) node

34
Q

SA node sends – through the two atria, causing them to contract

A

electrical impulses

35
Q

impulse sent from the SA node arrives at the – where the impulse is delayed for a very short time

A

atrioventricular (AV) node

36
Q

delay at AV node ensures that all of the blood from the atria was moved to the ventricles and that the atria are – when the ventricles contract

A

empty

37
Q

impulse is spread through the bundle of His and through – in the walls of the ventricles, causing ventricular contraction

A

Purkinje fibers

38
Q

measure of the force of blood exerted on the walls of a blood vessel

A

blood pressure

39
Q

blood pressure is typically measured within the –, which have enough pressure to overcome the peripheral resistance of the arterioles and capillaries

A

arteries

40
Q

pressure exerted on arteries as the ventricles contract

A

systolic pressure

41
Q

measurement of pressure on the arteries during ventricular relaxation

A

diastolic pressure

42
Q

primary means of regulation of blood pressure is by regulation of – through the kidneys

A

blood volume

43
Q

higher blood volume –>

A

higher blood pressure

44
Q

– in humans consist of a four-chambered heart to pump blood and a series of vessels needed to transport blood in the body

A

cardiovascular system

Structure and Function of Systems (17 decks)

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