skeletal system Flashcards
functions of skeleton
support, protection, allow movement, storage, blood cell formation
classification of bones
short, long, flat, and irregular
sheet of irregular, dense fibrous connective tissue continuous with the ligaments. covers the shaft and part of the heads of a long bone
periosteum
smooth cap of hyaline cartilage found where the bone articulates (forms a joint) with another bone
articular cartilage
whole central shaft of the long bone
diaphysis
“heads” of a long bone, one proximal to the diaphysis and one distal
epiphysis
actually a separate organ; fibrous straps that hold bones together
ligament
space within the center of the diaphysis; walls surrounding the space are made of both cancellous and compact bone. in adults, it generally contains yellow bone marrow
medullary cavity
thin epithelial membrane that lines the medullary cavity
endosteum
spongy bone; soft tissue in its spaces is often red bone marrow
cancellous bone
bones are remodeled continually in response to changes in two factors:
(1) calcium ion level in the blood
(2) the pull of gravity and muscles on the skeleton
stages of bone repair
hematoma forms
fibrocartilage callus forms
bony callus forms
bone remodeling occurs
axial skeleton
skull, thoracic cage, vertebral column
two sets of bones in the skull
cranium and facial bones
sutures of the skull
coronal, squamous, sagittal, lambdoid