Chapter 3.1 Flashcards
the cell is quite active at the biochemical
level.
G1 phase
The cell is accumulating the building blocks of [ ] and the [ ] as well as accumulating sufficient energy reserves to complete the task of replicating each chromosome in the nucleus.
chromosomal DNA and the associated proteins
DNA replication can proceed through the mechanisms that
result in the formation of identical pairs of DNA molecules—sister chromatids—that are firmly attached to the centromeric region.
S phase
the centrosome is duplicated during what phase
S phase
The two centrosomes will give rise to the [ ], the apparatus that orchestrates the movement
of chromosomes during mitosis.
mitotic spindle
the cell replenishes its energy stores and synthesizes proteins necessary for chromosome manipulation.
G2 phase
known to take different forms and occur for multiple
reasons.
G0 phase
among the most metabolically active cells in the
body, are fully differentiated and reside in a terminal G0 phase.
adult neuronal state
the pinching in of the plasma membrane and eventual split of the membrane and its contents into two offspring cells
cytokinesis
not a phase of mitosis but is the period between cell divisions
interphase
at this phase, the chromatin replicates–forming two sister chromatids joined at the centromere. in the anticipation of division additional cell fluid and organelles are formed
interphase
at this phase, the nuclear membrane disappears, freeing the chromatin.
centriole pairs move to the opposite poles of the cell as spindle fibers begin to project from them
prophase
at this phase, chromosomes line up along the cell’s equator. each chromosome now has a pair of spindle fibers attached to it, one from each centriole pair
metaphase
at this phase, chromatids split at the centromere, each moving toward an opposite pole along the path of a spindle fiber.
each pole of the cell has a full group of 46 single chromosomes. the chromosomes on one side of the cell replicates of the set of chromosomes on the other side
anaphase
