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Air Law > Signals > Flashcards

Signals Flashcards

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1
Q

Distress signals

A

1)SOS radio transmission in Morse
…_ _ _ …

2)Mayday x3 via radio transmission

3) Mayday via data link

4) pyrotechnic red light fired one at a time for short intervals

5) red parachute flare

6) radiotelegraph signal of 12 dashes (4 sec dashes, 1 sec break)

6) radiotelephone signal of 2 alternating tones (30 to 1 sec in length each tone)

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2
Q

Distressed aircraft signals means

A

aircraft is signaling that it’s in grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance

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3
Q

Urgency signals

A

aircraft is signaling that it’s experiencing difficulties which may or may not compel it to land but does not need immediate assistance

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4
Q

what are the urgency signals.

A

Visual:
1)repeated switching off and on of landing lights
2)repeated switching off and on off of navigation lights

Radio
XXX via radio telegraph
PAN PAN x3 via radio call or data link
Morse code .._ .. .. _

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5
Q

what is the emergency radio frequency

A

121.5 mhz

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6
Q

what is the signal from the ground if an unauthorized aircraft enters a restricted area?

A

green and red projectile in 10 sec intervals

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7
Q

light signals from ATC (to aircraft in flight)

A

Steady Green: cleared to land

Steady Red: Don’t land, keep circuiling and give way

Flashing Green: Return to land

Flashing Red: Aerodrome not fit for landing

Flashing white: Land and proceed to apron

Pryotechnic red: don’t land (overrides previous instructions)

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8
Q

ATC lights for aircraft on ground

A

Steady Green: cleared to take off

Steady Red: Stop

Flashing Green: Cleared to TAxi

Flashing Red: Stay clear of landing area

Flashing white: go back to the starting point of aerodrome

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9
Q

aircraft acknowledgment signals to ATC lights on ground or in flight

A

In flight:
Day time: Rock wings
Night time: switch off and on the Nav or Landing lights twice

On ground
Day time: Move airelons or rudder
Night time: switch off and on the Nav or Landing lights twice

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10
Q

ATC Signal Squares

A

**Yellow ‘X’ in red background:
**Aerodrome prohibited - not allowed to land/enter

**Yellow ‘/’ in red background
**Aerodrome’s manoevering area is poor. Land with caution

Right hand consipicuous arrow in signal area or runway in use - indicates a right had circuit (must turn right to take off or land)

White dumbell: Can take off, Land and Taxi only on designated taxiways and runways

**White dumbell with black lines across each: **Can take off & Land on designated runways but manoevering need not be confined to runways or taxiways

White or Orange ‘T’: land or take off paralle to the shaft of the T

2 white crosses - gliders are in operation

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11
Q

Signs on runway/taxiway

A

White or Yellow X on runway/taxiway:
Area unfit for movement

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12
Q

Sign used to identify the ATS reporting office

A

Black ‘C’ letter on yellow background

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13
Q

how are engines numbered for marshaller

A

Port to starboard, starting with #1 for the outer most engine

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14
Q

marshal slicing motion across the next

A

stopengine

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15
Q

Marshal’s right extended to the side, left hand waving towards his head

A

Pilot should turn left

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16
Q

Marshal’s left extended to the side, right hand waving towards his head

A

Pilot should turn right

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17
Q

arms below hip level, moving up and down

A

slow down

18
Q

arms stright up then swung to right/left together

A

handing off to next marshall

19
Q

arms extended to sides above hip level and moving above head to form a cross

A

stop

20
Q

Arms above head,

A

indicating the bay to park in

21
Q

right arm above head, left hand below the waist moving slightly

A

aircraft movement is unobstructed

22
Q

right arm above head, hand moving from right to left

A

proceed under my guidance

23
Q

both arms up above the head, moving palms slight in front and back of head

A

move ahead

24
Q

Engage & disengage breaks

A

Engage: Fist open, then fist closed

Disengage: fist closed, then fist open

25
Q

chocks inserted/removed

A

chocks inserted: arms above head, moving into each other

chocks removed: arms above head, pulling away from each other

26
Q

right hand creating circular motion
left hand displaying a specific # of fingers

A

turn on engine # 1, 2, etc..

27
Q

In which scenarios does interception happen (luch)

A

If it is believed that:
* Aircraft is lost
* Subjected to unlawful interference
* Crew member is incapacitated
* Aircraft has hostile intent

28
Q

Interference - principles observed by the state

A

1)No practice interception on civil aircraft

2)If civil aircraft is intercepted and requested to land, the aerodrom must be fit for landing

3)Interception should be last measure

4)Limited should be limited to identifying the aircraft, unless it’s necessary to:
guide it to a specific track
guide it outside national boundaries
guide it away from restricted/prohibited areas
Instruct it to land

5)ICAO standard of signals should be complied to by the state and the Pilot

29
Q

What should an aircraft subjected to unlawful interference do?

A

establish radio contact and advise on the severity of the situation and whether it will deviate from it’s flight plan

30
Q

If Supp not established, what should that aircraft do?

A

Fly at levels not often used by IFR

1000ft above 290FL

or

500 ft below 290FL

31
Q

Action taken by intercepted aircraft (FARM)

A

Visual signals
follow instructions given by intercepting aircraft (use visuals)

ATSU connection
establish connection with appropriate ATSU

Radio connection
Establish radio contact on 121.5 or 243 Mhz with the interceptor or appropriate ATC unit and give the identification of the aircraft and nature of the flight

Mode C 7700
If aircraft has transponder, use Mode C 7700 unless instructed differently

32
Q

What if intercepted aircraft is receiving conflicting instructions from intercepter and ATSU?

A

Interceptor’s queues lead!

follow intercepter’s visual or radio signals whilst seeking clarfication from ATSU

33
Q

Interception outside an ATSU area of responsibility

A

Inform ATS unit serving the airspace in which the interception is taking place

provide that unit with info to assist it in identifying the aircraft and to request it to take action

relay messages between
- intercepted aircraft
- the appropriate ATS unit
- the Intercept control unit
- the intercepting aircraft

34
Q

Interception inside an ATSU area of responsibility

A

Establish radio connection on 121.5 with intercepted aircraft and inform the pilot of the interception.

establish contact with intercept control unit and provide it with info on the aircraft

relay messages between intercepted aircraft, ICU/Interceptor

**coordinate with the ICU **to take all steps to ensure the safety of the intercepted aircraft

inform adjacent ATSUs about the intercepted aircraft i**n case it has ‘strayed’/deviated **from it’s intended track

35
Q

Interceptor Signals to Intercepted aircraft

“you are intercepted, follow me’

A

Interceptor Signal:
Interceptor flies a bit above and forward on the left of the aircraft, rocks its wings and flashes Nav lights irregularly:

Intercepted aircraft signal to “acknowledge, will comply”
rocks wings and flashes nav light irregularly

36
Q

Interceptor Signals to Intercepted aircraft

“you may proceed’

A

Interceptor signal
90 degree climb/breaking manoevre without crossing the line of flight of intercepted aircraft

Intercepted aircraft signal to “acknowledge, will comply”
rocks wings

37
Q

Interceptor Signals to Intercepted aircraft

“Land in this aerodrome

A

Interceptor signal
lower landing gear + steady landing lights + overfly the the runway

Intercepted aircraft signal to “acknowledge, will comply”
lower landing gear + steady landing lights + follow interceptor + overfly the the runway and then land

38
Q

Intercepted aircraft signal to interceptor
‘aerodrome you chose isn’t fit for landing’

A

Intercepted aircraft signal
raise landing gear + flashing landing lights + pass over runway at height of 1000ft to 2000ft

Interceptor signal to “acknowledge, follow me”
raise landing gear + flashing landing lights + rocks wings + fly to different track

39
Q

Intercepted aircraft signal to interceptor
‘cannot comply’

A

Intercepted aircraft signal
Regular switching off and on of all lights

Interceptor signal to “acknowledge,”
rocks wings

40
Q

Intercepted aircraft signal to interceptor
‘In distress’

A

Intercepted aircraft signal
Irregular switching off and on of all lights

Interceptor signal to “acknowledge,”
rocks wings

41
Q

Radio communication - phrases used by interceptor

A

phrases to be repeated twice

CALL SIGN = what’s your call sign?
FOLLOW = Follow me
DESCEND = Descend for Landing
YOU LAND = land at this aerodrome
PROCEED = You may proceed

42
Q

Radio communication - phrases used by intercepted aircraft

A

phrases to be repeated twice

CALL SIGN = My call sign is ….
WILL CO = will comply
CANNOT = cannot comply
AMLOST = position unknown
MAYDAY = distress
REPEAT= repeat instructions
HIGHJACK= highjack
LAND (name of aerodrome)= i request to land
DESCEND= i require descent

Air Law (21 decks)

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