Aerodromes Flashcards
Define Aerodrome
define area of land and/or water that also includes its structures, lighting, fixtures, buildings, etc that is soley used for aircraft arrival, departure and manoevering
Airports?
are aerodrome used as a point of entry into a state - usually equipped with customs and immigration
What are the features of a certified aerodrome
- The apron
- manoevering area - taxiways and runways
what is the classification system used at an aerodrome?
it is a system that helps identify which type and size of aircraft can be accommodated at the aerodrome
Runway Length | Runway Width
**Number (1 to 4) ** | Letter (A to F)
Length of Aircraft | wing length/gear span
where is a runway threshold placed
marks are displayed at the beginning of the runway
except if there is an obstacle, etc that dictates the marking to be inset/placed elsewhere on the runway
what’s a runway strip
its a strip of land surrounding the runway that gives protection to the runways from mud and earth disturbed by propellors etc..
150 m width (left and right margin)
60 m length (top and bottom margin)
for large percision runways
what is RESA
Runway End Safety Area
It’s an area that both ends of the runway that protects aircraft from damage if it under or overshoots the runways
ideally 240 m in length for large percision runways
Taxiway dimensions
ICAO Taxiway width classified by code
A
B
C
what is a taxi holding position
a marker put at:
intersections betweek taxiways and runways
or at intersetions of two runways, where one of them is used as a taxiway
or at areas where aircraft might infringe at an obstacle free area
or at areas where is radio aid interference
If there is not taxiway holding point, how far should an aircraft be from the entrance of a runways
aircraft to hold min 50 m away
what is a road holding position
a marker at intersection of a road and runways which identifies the position in which vehicles must hold
what aerodrome key data does a pilot need?
AD location (ARP - Aerodrome Reference point based on geometricc centre of the AD)
AD elevation/height (highest point in landing area)
if AD manoevering area is strong enough to handle the aircraft
if AD runway is long enough to land on and take off from
the AD operational status
Runways markings are in which colour
white
taxiway markings are in which colour
yellow
Apron markings colours
The Apron safety line marking (outline of the aircraft’s parking area) = white/conspicious
and the aircraft stand marking (centred within the safety line outline and alignes to vertical centre of aircraft) = Yellow
arrows in a paved area before threshold mark on a runway
permanent displaced runway - aircraft can manoevre in that area
arrows and triangular cones in a paved area before threshold mark on a runway
Temporary displaced runways
white X in paved area before threshold mark on a runway
part of runway not fit for any movement - completely closed, even for emergency
Yellow Chevron in paved area before threshold mark on a runway
Part of the Runway not fit for any movement unless it’s used as an emergency stopeway
What is the Runway Aiming Point Marking
It must be provided in large aerodrome
it’s a marking that is closer to the approach side of the runway and
sometimes aligned to the Visual Slope Approach if aerodrome has VASI lights
What is the Touch Down Zone Marking
Also in large aerodromes
vertical lines/dashes on both sides of the centre line on a runway
signifies the runways landing distance
how to mark a runway or taxi that is fully closed
White Xs 300 m apart from one enter to the other
Information marking
These are signs that indicate
Location: yellow letter on black background
Destination or Direction: Black letter on yellow background
Mandatory Instruction
These are signs that are located on the left side of a taxiway centre line or holding side of the runways holding marking
white inscription on red background
(NO ENTRY)
(CAT I, II, III)
(Taxiway holding position)
(road holding position)
used to identify locations that** no aircraft / vehicle that go to or beyond without authorization**
When are runway signs illuminated
when Runway visual range is below 800 m
At night when associated with instrument runway
at night to when associated with non-instrument runways code 3 and 4 (that handle lengthy aircrafts)
what are markers
objects displayed above ground to denote boundaries or obstacles.
usually frangible and limited in height to avoid damaging aircraft
Runway / taxi edge marker
**On runways **- markers are added on unpaved runways to display its extent (usually showing its boundaries)
on taxiways - edge and centre line are provided, especially if not equipped with edge/centre light or if it’s aerodrom with runway code 1 or 2 (short aircraft)
orange & white conical markers
runway boundary marker
for aerodrome without landing runway - denotes boundaries
markers added 90-200 m apart
orange and white rectangular board
**stopway edge marker
**
to denote clearly the stopway
different from the runway edge marker or runway boundary marker
Flags or Markers must be viewed within what limits?
Viewed from:
min 1000ft in air
min 300 m on ground
colours
must be red & white or orange & white
**Fixed objects **
- can be marked by colour
but if not practicable, can use flags (triangular in print) or markers
** if objects are mobile
**- must use markers & flags (chequered)
marking cables
Alternating spherical markers (red and white/ orange and white) that are** 60cm wide**
if there are multiple cables - markers to be placed not lower than the highest cable
operational info to monitor in an Aerodrome
- construction or maintenance
- broken or rought surfaces on manoevring areas
- snow, slush, ice, water
- snow banks or drifts
- anti-icing chemicals
- hazards, parked aircrafts, etc
- failure of AD visual aids, power supply , navigations
what are the 4 water contaminations
DAMP
suface shows a change of color due to moisture
WET
Surface is soaked but no standing water
WATER PATCHES
Significant patches of standing water are visible
FLOODED
Extensive standing water visible
Snow or ice contamination
DRY
which can blown if loose. if compacted by hand, it will fall apart. Specific gravity up to 0.35
WET
when put together as a snowball, the snow sticks and forms the shape. Specific gravity 0.35 up to 0.5
SLUSH
Contains water and splatters when dropped. Sepcific gravity 0.5+
