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Child & Family Health > Sick Child > Flashcards

Sick Child Flashcards

1
Q

What is the commonest reason for acute illness in children?

A

Sepsis

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2
Q

What are some signs of sepsis?

A
  • Lethargy
  • Labile temperature
  • Poor feeding
  • Respiratory Distress
  • Collapse
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3
Q

What is the management of Sepsis

A
  • ABC
  • Supportive
  • Bloods
  • Blood cultures
  • Broad spectrum antibiotics
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4
Q

What is bronchiolitis?

A

An acute inflammatory injury of the bronchioles caused by a viral infection.

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5
Q

What are some signs of bronchiolitis

A
  • Cough
  • Fever
  • Tachypnoea
  • Wheeze
  • Inspiratory crackles
  • Cyanosis
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6
Q

What is croup?

A

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis, infection caused by a virus.

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7
Q

What are some signs of croup?

A
  • Barking cough
  • Stridor
  • Hoarseness
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8
Q

What is the management of croup?

A
  • Steroids

- Dexamethasone or prednisolone

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9
Q

What is asthma?

A

The irreversible airway obstruction with/without a cough, wheeze or dyspnoea

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10
Q

List the steps in asthma management?

A
  • SABA
  • Beclomethasone (Steroid)
  • Montelukast
  • Prednisolone
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11
Q

What pathogens can cause pneumonia?

A

Pneumococcus
Myoplasm
Haemophilus
Staphylococcus

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12
Q

What are some signs of pneumonia?

A
  • Temperature
  • Malaise
  • Por feeding
  • Cyanosis
  • Grunting
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13
Q

What are some investigations if pneumonia is suspected?

A
  • Consider CXR and sputum cultures

- Viral LRTI is more common than bacterial in children

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14
Q

What is the antibiotic of choice for pneumonia?

A

Amoxicillin

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15
Q

What is meningitis?

A

Infection of the brain’s surrounding membrane and spinal cord

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16
Q

What are the signs of meningitis?

A
  • Stiff neck
  • Fever
  • Seizures
  • Apnoea
  • Bulging fontanelle
17
Q

What is the management of meningitis?

A

IV ceftriaxone

18
Q

What is encephalitis?

A

Inflammation of the brain, caused by bacterial and viral infections

19
Q

What are some signs of encephalitis?

A
  • Flu like
  • Reduced consciousness
  • Odd behaviour
  • Vomiting
  • Fits
20
Q

Wha are febrile convulsions?

A

Symmetrical seizing lasting <15 minutes. Occurs due to rapidly rising temperature.

21
Q

What does a blanching rash mean?

A

Temporary obstruction to blood flow, flow returns when pressure is removed.

22
Q

What is Meningococal caused by?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

23
Q

Does neisseria meningitidis cause a blanching or non-blanching rash?

A

Non-blanching rash

24
Q

What is Steven Johnsons Syndrome?

A

Painful rash which results in blistering of the skin. Usually caused by reaction to drugs, systemic illness or infections.

25
Q

What is Nikolsky sign?

A

Positive when skin rubs off

Negative when skin does not rub off

26
Q

What is impetigo?

A

Highly contagious skin infection caused by staphylococcus aureus or streptococcal infections

Child & Family Health (20 decks)

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