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Child & Family Health > Immunisations > Flashcards

Immunisations Flashcards

1
Q

How does active immunity work?

A

A person is exposed to a disease organism which trigger their immune system to produce antibodies against the disease. Exposure is either through a vaccine or the actual disease.

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2
Q

How does passive immunity work?

A

A person is given antibodies rather than producing them themselves

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3
Q

What is herd immunity and how is it achieved?

A

Herd immunity occurs when a significant proportion of the population are vaccinated against the disease. This protects those who are unvaccinated.

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4
Q

What are the different types of vaccinations?

A
  • Live vaccines –> Attenuated organism which replicates in the host
  • Inactivated vaccines
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5
Q

What types of inactivated vaccines are there

A
  • Suspensions of killed organisms
  • Subunit vaccines
  • Conjugate vaccines
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6
Q

Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Varicella, Rotavirus and Flu are all what type of vaccine?

A

Live vaccine

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7
Q

What type of vaccine is used against Diphtheria?

A

Subunit inactivated vaccine (toxoid)

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8
Q

Inactivated vaccine composed of suspensions of killed organisms is used against what disease?

A

Typhoid

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9
Q

What is a conjugate vaccine?

A

Polysaccharide attached to immunogenic proteins

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10
Q

What is a subunit vaccine?

A

Contains a fragment of a pathogen

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11
Q

What is a toxoid vaccine?

A

Uses toxoid made by pathogen that causes a disease

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12
Q

At 2 months what vaccines are given?

A
  • 6 in 1
  • MenB
  • Rotavirus
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13
Q

What is included in the 6 in 1 vaccine?

A
  • Diphtheria
  • Polio
  • Tetanus
  • Hepatitis B
  • Haemophilus Influenza B
  • Whooping cough
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14
Q

At 3 months what vaccines are given?

A
  • 6 in 1
  • Rotavirus
  • Pneumococcal
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15
Q

At 4 months what vaccines are given?

A
  • 6 in 1
  • MenB
  • Pneumococcal
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16
Q

At 12-13 months what vaccines are given?

A
  • MenB
  • Pneumococcal
  • MMR
  • Hib/MenC
17
Q

From 3 years 4 months what vaccines are given?

A
  • MMR

- 4 in 1

18
Q

What does the 4 in 1 vaccine include?

A
  • Diphtheria
  • Tetanus
  • Whooping cough
  • Polio
19
Q

Girls and boys between 12-13 years are given what vaccine?

A

HPV

20
Q

Those between 13-14 years old are given what vaccines?

A
  • Tetanus, Diphtheria, polio
  • Meningitis - MenACWY
  • MMR
21
Q

Older adults at around 65 years are given what vaccine?

A

Pneumococcal

22
Q

Adults 70 years old are given what vaccine?

A

Shingles

23
Q

What are some signs of Diphtheria?

A
  • Sore throat
  • Low grade fever
  • White adherent membrane on tonsils, pharynx and/or nasal cavity

Child & Family Health (20 decks)

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