Perinatal Adaptation Flashcards
5 Functions of Placenta
- Nutrient transport
- Waste product transport
- Acid base balance
- Hormone production
- Transport of IgG
Oxygenated blood is supplied by what ?
Placenta
3 Foetal Shunts
- Ductus venosus
- Foramen ovale
- Ductus arteriousus
In what trimester does preparation for birth occur
3rd trimester
What 5 things occur in the 3rd trimester to prepare the baby for birth?
- Surfactant accumulation
- accumulation of glycogen
- accumulation of brown fat
- accumulation of subcutaneous fat
- Inhalation of amniotic fluid
What three things occur during delivery?
- Increase in catecholamines/cortisol
- Synthesis of lung fluid stops
- Vaginal delivery squeezes some fluid out of lungs
What causes the ducts to close after birth?
Drop in prostaglandins
What does the
- Ductus arteriosus and
- ductus venosus become?
- Ligamentum arteriousus
2. Ligamentum teres
Condition which may occur if newborn if alveoli do not open properly, fluid in lungs and shunts are still patent?
Persistant Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn
How is PPHN diagnosed?
Right hand - pre ductal
Left foot - post ductal
Difference of 3% suggestive of PPHN
Management of PPHN
- Ventilation
- Oxygen
- Nitric oxide
- Sedation
- Inotropes
- ECLS
What is transient tachypnoea?
Usually seen in C section babies. Lungs have more fluid than vaginal delivery babies as the fluid has not been squeezed out.
Main source of heat production in newborns?
Non-shivering thermogenesis from breakdown of brown adipose tissue.
What happens during starvation state in newborn?
Physioogical drop in insulin and increase in glycogen. Gluconeogenesis occurs to produce glucose in starvation state.
What acts as fuel for the brain in starvation state?
Ketones
