Abnormal Development

Question 1

Define Developmental Delay

Answer 1

Failure to attain appropriate milestones for the child’s chronological age

Question 2

Give some red flags of developmental delay

Answer 2

• Asymmetry of movement
• Not reaching objects by 6 months
• Hearing/vision concerns
• Loss of skills
• Unable to sit unsupported by 12 months
• Unable to walk by 18 months

Question 3

When do learning disabilities tend to develop?

Answer 3

Around school age

Question 4

Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy and Cerebral Palsy are types of what delay?

Answer 4

Motor delays

Question 5

Oculocutaneous albinism and treacher collins are types of what developmental delays?

Answer 5

Sensory deficits and associated delay

Question 6

Autism spectrum disorders are a type of what developmental delay?

Answer 6

Developmental deviation

Question 7

What are 2 conditions which are associated with cerebral visual impairment?

Answer 7

• Hydrocephalus

- Cerebral palsy

Question 8

Define the autistic triad

Answer 8

1. Communication
2. Social interaction
3. Flexibility of thoughts/imagination

Question 9

Describe sensorineural hearing loss?

Answer 9

Problem in the inner ear. Air and bone conduction are the same.

Question 10

Describe conductive hearing loss?

Answer 10

Problem transferring sound waves. Air and bone conduction are different.

Question 11

What is Ocular Albinism?

Answer 11

Genetic condition which causes reduced pigmentation of the iris and retina. Sharpness of vision is severely impaired and perception of depth is difficult.

Question 12

What is Treacher Collins?

Answer 12

Genetic condition which is characterised by deformities of the eyes, ears, cheekbones and the chin. Hearing loss is very common