Shobnall case study

Question 1

Endogenous factors: land use

Answer 1

• a lot of space taken up as residential area with terraced housing, making parking difficult and there being lots of traffic
• houses generally front directly onto pavement and parking can sometimes cause pavement blockages, stopping wheelchair uses and pushchairs
• a range of housing from terraced housing to more modern homes
• house prices are generally low, which encourages more low income families to move there
• recreational area -> Shobnall Leisure Complex
• retail: clusters of small, medium, traditional shops
• breweries
• distribution warehouses

Question 2

Endogenous factors: economic characteristics

Answer 2

• 65.3% of people ages 16-74 are economically active - below regional and national averages
• central location allows more transportation of goods
• house pricing isn’t too high so affordable
• 77% employed in Burton full time
• Shobnall Primary School- allowing education for future economic opportunities
• central location attracts more TNCs such as Rolls Royce

Question 3

Endogenous factors: location

Answer 3

• Centre of England -> led to the development of distribution warehouses, therefore influenced land use and built environment e.g. Clipper and Hobbycraft
• Near the A38 -> accessible for transporting goods
• Approx 30 miles north of Birmingham
• Suburb in south east Burton
• 10 miles south of Derby

Question 4

Endogenous factors: built environment

Answer 4

• Mainly housing- a lot of terraced housing has been there for a long time
• A lot of housing goes straight onto roads
• Warehouses -> industrial, economic development
• High density buildings in the area- towards the town centre
• Clustering of small, medium and traditional shops
• Large areas of green space to the west of the canal- houses mostly have front and back gardens
• Little green space to the east of the canal
• Town hall
• Small and large retail shops

Question 5

Endogenous factors: physical geography

Answer 5

• River Trent runs through Burton- gypsum is present in the water which is good for brewing -> beer is good for trading with other areas and provides job opportunities in manufacturing
• Canal that runs through Burton
• Industrial area that allows for economic benefits

Question 6

Endogenous factors: topography

Answer 6

• Located on flat land in a valley -> densely packed for the availability land, lots of infrastructure and space
• Characterises the place as quite an urban area, allows Burton to expand linearly, industrial area allows warehouses to locate there, flat land allows expansion
• Average elevation of 56m

Question 7

Endogenous factors: infrastructure

Answer 7

• Terraced housing that backs onto each other
• Most houses have gardens to west of canal but not the east
• Small and medium sized shops along Waterloo street .
• Warehouses
• Town Hall
• Bus Station on high street
• Railway station

Question 8

Endogenous factors: demographic characteristics

Answer 8

• 2021= 8000, 2011=7000, 2001=6000
• highest age category is 18-64
• 50.1% male, 49.9% female
• 25% ethnic minority in 2001, 35% in 2011, 35% in 2021
• Highest migrant populations are Muslim and Eastern European

Question 9

Exogenous factors: Proximity to other places:

Answer 9

• Commuter settlement to Birmingham -> 30 mins train from Burton to New Street
• Commuter settlement to Derby -> easy to drive or get the bus (x38 or villager)
• Better job opportunities in bigger cities, more ethnically diverse, different demographic

Question 10

Exogenous factors: inward investment

Answer 10

• Marston’s brewery/ Coors brewery- a lot of pubs down Shobnall Street, a lot of land use down Shobnall Street used to be housing for brewery workers
• Marmite factory
• Rolls Royce in Burton creates more job opportunities, foreign investment
• Toyota factory - people commute to work there as it’s a central location

Question 11

Exogenous factors: Tourism

Answer 11

• St George’s Park, nearby football
• The Brewery attracts visitors -> the Nationsl Brewery Centre provided jobs and income before it was shut down
• Sinai Park House -> ghost tours
• Hotels -> Premier Inn, Three Queens Hotel
• Central location of the UK to go anywhere in the UK easily

Question 12

Exogenous factors: Migration

Answer 12

• 31.8% of the population in Shobnall are Asian
• 33.4% of the Shobnall population are Muslim
• ethnic diversity is increasing

Question 13

External forces: government policies impact on demographic characteristics

Answer 13

• All new housing developments have to meet government policy on affordable housing -> at least 10% of homes

Question 14

External forces: government policies impact on cultural characteristics

Answer 14

• Allows people with lower income to live there -> could allow migration

Question 15

External forces: decisions of multinational corporations on demographic characteristics

Answer 15

e.g. Coors, Unilever, Marmite, distribution centres

• creates jobs for people/ maintain jobs
• attracted people to the area -> growing population
• created low skilled jobs -> initially attracted younger men who then brought family over
• increase in birth rate balancing Shobnall’s ageing population

Question 16

External forces: decisions of multinational corporations on cultural characteristics

Answer 16

• took away some of Burton’s identity and past
• more languages spoken

Question 17

External forces: impacts of international or global institutions on demographic characteristics

Answer 17

e.g. the EU -> distribution warehouses attracted economic migrants - 17% of Shobnall’s population from the EU

• jobs created

Question 18

External forces: impacts of international or global institutions on cultural characteristics

Answer 18

• more diverse community/ workforce