Shobnall case study Flashcards
1
Q
Endogenous factors: land use
A
- a lot of space taken up as residential area with terraced housing, making parking difficult and there being lots of traffic
- houses generally front directly onto pavement and parking can sometimes cause pavement blockages, stopping wheelchair uses and pushchairs
- a range of housing from terraced housing to more modern homes
- house prices are generally low, which encourages more low income families to move there
- recreational area -> Shobnall Leisure Complex
- retail: clusters of small, medium, traditional shops
- breweries
- distribution warehouses
2
Q
Endogenous factors: economic characteristics
A
- 65.3% of people ages 16-74 are economically active - below regional and national averages
- central location allows more transportation of goods
- house pricing isn’t too high so affordable
- 77% employed in Burton full time
- Shobnall Primary School- allowing education for future economic opportunities
- central location attracts more TNCs such as Rolls Royce
3
Q
Endogenous factors: location
A
- Centre of England -> led to the development of distribution warehouses, therefore influenced land use and built environment e.g. Clipper and Hobbycraft
- Near the A38 -> accessible for transporting goods
- Approx 30 miles north of Birmingham
- Suburb in south east Burton
- 10 miles south of Derby
4
Q
Endogenous factors: built environment
A
- Mainly housing- a lot of terraced housing has been there for a long time
- A lot of housing goes straight onto roads
- Warehouses -> industrial, economic development
- High density buildings in the area- towards the town centre
- Clustering of small, medium and traditional shops
- Large areas of green space to the west of the canal- houses mostly have front and back gardens
- Little green space to the east of the canal
- Town hall
- Small and large retail shops
5
Q
Endogenous factors: physical geography
A
- River Trent runs through Burton- gypsum is present in the water which is good for brewing -> beer is good for trading with other areas and provides job opportunities in manufacturing
- Canal that runs through Burton
- Industrial area that allows for economic benefits
6
Q
Endogenous factors: topography
A
- Located on flat land in a valley -> densely packed for the availability land, lots of infrastructure and space
- Characterises the place as quite an urban area, allows Burton to expand linearly, industrial area allows warehouses to locate there, flat land allows expansion
- Average elevation of 56m
7
Q
Endogenous factors: infrastructure
A
- Terraced housing that backs onto each other
- Most houses have gardens to west of canal but not the east
- Small and medium sized shops along Waterloo street .
- Warehouses
- Town Hall
- Bus Station on high street
- Railway station
8
Q
Endogenous factors: demographic characteristics
A
- 2021= 8000, 2011=7000, 2001=6000
- highest age category is 18-64
- 50.1% male, 49.9% female
- 25% ethnic minority in 2001, 35% in 2011, 35% in 2021
- Highest migrant populations are Muslim and Eastern European
9
Q
Exogenous factors: Proximity to other places:
A
- Commuter settlement to Birmingham -> 30 mins train from Burton to New Street
- Commuter settlement to Derby -> easy to drive or get the bus (x38 or villager)
- Better job opportunities in bigger cities, more ethnically diverse, different demographic
10
Q
Exogenous factors: inward investment
A
- Marston’s brewery/ Coors brewery- a lot of pubs down Shobnall Street, a lot of land use down Shobnall Street used to be housing for brewery workers
- Marmite factory
- Rolls Royce in Burton creates more job opportunities, foreign investment
- Toyota factory - people commute to work there as it’s a central location
11
Q
Exogenous factors: Tourism
A
- St George’s Park, nearby football
- The Brewery attracts visitors -> the Nationsl Brewery Centre provided jobs and income before it was shut down
- Sinai Park House -> ghost tours
- Hotels -> Premier Inn, Three Queens Hotel
- Central location of the UK to go anywhere in the UK easily
12
Q
Exogenous factors: Migration
A
- 31.8% of the population in Shobnall are Asian
- 33.4% of the Shobnall population are Muslim
- ethnic diversity is increasing
13
Q
External forces: government policies impact on demographic characteristics
A
- All new housing developments have to meet government policy on affordable housing -> at least 10% of homes
14
Q
External forces: government policies impact on cultural characteristics
A
- Allows people with lower income to live there -> could allow migration
15
Q
External forces: decisions of multinational corporations on demographic characteristics
A
e.g. Coors, Unilever, Marmite, distribution centres
- creates jobs for people/ maintain jobs
- attracted people to the area -> growing population
- created low skilled jobs -> initially attracted younger men who then brought family over
- increase in birth rate balancing Shobnall’s ageing population
16
Q
External forces: decisions of multinational corporations on cultural characteristics
A
- took away some of Burton’s identity and past
- more languages spoken
17
Q
External forces: impacts of international or global institutions on demographic characteristics
A
e.g. the EU -> distribution warehouses attracted economic migrants - 17% of Shobnall’s population from the EU
- jobs created
18
Q
External forces: impacts of international or global institutions on cultural characteristics
A
- more diverse community/ workforce
19
Q
Character of place: flows of people: exogenous factor
A
- Percentage ethnic minority increased from 25-35% between 2001 and 2001 and decreased to 34% by 2021
- 15% increase in population between 2001-2011
20
Q
Character of place: flows of people: how this characterises place
A
- Creates more diverse area due to diff religions and cultures
- More job spaces can be filled, economic migrants fill low skilled jobs
21
Q
Character of place: flows of people: How does this shape Shobnall?
A
- Uxbridge St and Waterloo St are very diverse with lots of cultural shops and restaurants
- Religious buildings like mosques and churches
22
Q
Character of place: flows of money and investment: exogenous factor
A
- TNCs such as Unilever are located there
- 65.3% of people aged 16-74 are economically active
- Central location allows more transportation
- 77% are employed full time
23
Q
Character of place: flows of money and investment: how this characterises place
A
- Allows more goods to be exported and creates industrial area
- Can boost economy for further development
24
Q
Character of place: flows of money and investment: How does this shape Shobnall?
A
- Attracted economic migrants from other European countries and Asia
- Lots of low skilled jobs and cheap housing
25
Character of place: **flows of resources and ideas**: exogenous factor
Exports of beer and products from warehouses such as Hobbycraft and Clipper
26
Character of place: **flows of resources and ideas**: how this characterises place
- Creates an industrial area with more jobs available
- Better connections to create links with places
27
Character of place: **flows of resources and ideas**: How does this shape Shobnall?
Burton has become known for its beer production so has international connections to sell its products elsewhere
28
External forces: **government policies : impact on demographic characteristics
* all new housing developments have to meet government policy on affordable housing - % have to be more affordable
* At least 10% of homes should be available for affordable housing unless it would exceed the level of affordable housing
required in the area
Impact on cultural characteristics of a place:
* allows people with lower income to live there
* could allow migration
29
External forces: **Decisions of MNCs**: examples
* Coors- North American, took over Marston's
* Unilever
* Marmite- Burton based
* Distribution centres- Hobbycraft, Argos, Holland and Barrett
30
External forces: **decisions of MNCs: impact on demographic characteristics:
* creates jobs for people/ maintain jobs
* Attracted people to the area- growing population
* Created low skilled jobs
* Several eastern countries became part of the EU so economic immigrants
Impact on cultural characteristics:
* Took away some of Burton's identity and past
* More languages spoken
* Low skilled jobs initially attracted younger men- now families settle here
* Increase in birth rate- balancing Shobnall's ageing population
31
External forces: **impacts of international or global institutions**: examples
* The EU- distribution warehouses attracted economic migrants -17% of Shobnall population from the EU
32
External forces: **impacts of international or global institutions**: impact on demographic characteristics
* more jobs created
33
External forces: **impacts of international or global institutions**: impact on cultural characteristics:
* more diverse community/ workforce
* 20% increase in population from 2001 to 2021
* 2011- 5.6% unemployment
* Average household income = £24,600
* 41.9% had no qualifications
Character of place: relationships/ connections to other places
34
Flows of people
Percentage ethnic minority increased from 25%-35% between 2001 and 2011 and decreased to 34% by 2021
* 10 new countries joined the EU on 1st May 2004
* 15% increase in population between 2001 and 2011
35
Continuity and Change: How have past connections with other places shaped its character in the present?
- Brewing industry- Burton is globally recognised for its brewing heritage and ward’s proximity to breweries and Trent and Mersey canal made it integral to transport of beer and raw materials -> many residents and businesses still connected to brewing industry
- Infrastructure: railway links and canal networks with the Trent and Mersey canal running through Shobnall linking it to a broader network of waterways that were vital for trade during the Industrial Revolution which also influenced area layout -> canal remains a recreational and historical asset
- Shobnall is home to waves of immigration, especially in post war period when workers were needed in the brewing industry -> bring cultural diversity, enriching traditions, cuisine and religious practices
36
Continuity and Change: How have new connections with places (in the present) affected Shobnall’s character?
- The expansion of the European Union in 2004 brough an influx of workers from Central and Eastern Europe, e.g. Poland, Romania, Slovakia of which many were employed in construction, warehousing and food processing
- Refugees and asylum seekers: in recent years Burton has hosted refugees from conflict zones
- New waves of immigration, alongside younger generations maintaining strong ties to their heritage have reinforced the cultural presence of South Asian traditions in Burton
37
Continuity and Change: How has the way Shobnall developed in the past affected its character in the present?
- Layers of immigration have left Burton with a rich, multicultural heritage.
- Brewing industry has attracted new waves of workers, shaping demographic and cultural landscape of town
38
Representations of place
- ‘The Crossing’ painting by Lowry
- ‘Hard Water’ poem by Jean Sprackland
