Shakespeare Flashcards
exploring [ɪkˈsplɔːrɪŋ]
исследования; путешествия с целью исследовани; Exploring English: Shakespeare
исследовать, изучать
explore [ɪkˈsplɔː]
track [træk]
след; отпечаток; колея; следить, прослеживать; выслеживать track your progress
highlight [ˈhaɪlaɪt]
выдвигать на первый план; выпячивать; придавать большое значение; ярко освещать; отводить главное место
Синоним: feature
bubble [ˈbʌb(ə)l]
пузырек (воздуха или газа); дутое предприятие; «мыльный пузырь», химера; мыльный пузырь
reveal [rɪˈviːl]
разоблачение; обнаружение; откровение; показывать, обнаруживать; открывать; разоблачать
thread [θrɛd]
продевать нитку; нанизывать; вплетать, переплетать; перебирать; нитка, нить; связующая линия; связь; паутинка, волосок; тонкая струйка
whilst [(h)waɪlst]
пока
robust [rəˈbʌst,ˈrəʊbʌst]
крепкий, здоровый; сильный; твердый; здравый, ясный
encourage [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ]
ободрять; поощрять, поддерживать; потворствовать, потакать, попустительствовать; подстрекать
классификация; упорядочение; градация
grading [ˈɡreɪdɪŋ]
намек; наводка, совет, легкая подсказка
hint [hɪnt]
score [skɔː]
счет; долг, задолженность
годный, пригодный, желательный, подходящий, приемлемый
eligible [ˈɛlɪdʒəb(ə)l]
колебаться, сомневаться
hesitate [ˈhɛzɪteɪt]
нажмите вкладку, обозначенную “дополнения”
click the tab marked ‘Additions’
How curious you are about the Shakespeare
curious [ˈkjʊ(ə)rɪəs] любознательный, пытливый
let’s begin with you
давайте начнем с тебя
релевантный; значимый; существенный; важный; уместный, относящийся к делу
relevant [ˈrɛlɪv(ə)nt]
hurly-burly [ˈhɜːlɪˌbɜːlɪ]
сумятица, смятение, суматоха, переполох; волнение
церк. крестить; совершать обряд крещения
baptize [bæpˈtaɪz]
проклятие; бранное слово, брань, ругательство vile curses — грязная ругань
Синоним: swear word
curse [kɜːs] a curse warning us never to move his bones
(to) ссылка (на кого-л., что-л.); упоминание (о чем-л., ком-л.) to make reference to smb., smth. — ссылаться на кого-л., что-л.; упоминать о ком-л., чем-л.
reference [ˈrɛf(ə)rəns]
мы практически уверены, что
we’re pretty sure
совершенно, несомненно
absolutely [ˌæbsəˈluːtlɪ] , undoubtedly [ʌnˈdaʊtɪdlɪ]
это помешало карьере Шекспира, как драматургу?
did it harm SH’s career as a playwriter?
ну, мы думаем, пожалуй, наоборот
well, we think, perhaps, the opposite [ˈɒpəzɪt] (противоположный)
может быть, возможно; пожалуй; наверно
perhaps [pəˈhæps]
buried
Laid to rest
вдохновленный; священный
inspired [ɪnˈspaɪəd]
способность, возможность Синоним: capability Антоним: inability; способность, ловкость; квалификация, умение a man of ability — способный или знающий /квалифицированный/ человек
ability [əˈbɪlɪtɪ]
отсутствие или потеря чувства времени
timelessness [ˈtaɪmlɪsnɪs]
не относящийся к определенному времени; вневременный; книжн. вечный, бесконечный; непреходящий; постоянный
timeless [ˈtaɪmlɪs]
святыня, место поклонения
shrine [ʃraɪn]
очаровательный, обворожительный, пленительный
fascinating [ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ]
манящее видение (into Shakespeare’s early world)
tantalizing [ˈtæntəlaɪzɪŋ] мучающий, дразнящий; привлекательный; соблазнительный glimpse [ɡlɪmps]мелькание; проблеск; мимолетное впечатление (зрительное); быстро промелькнувшая перед глазами картина
unfold [ʌnˈfəʊld] before your eyes on a timeline
развертывать; расстилать
просьба; (вежливое) требование
request [rɪˈkwɛst]
отрывок; выдержка; выписка; цитата; выборка; извлечение
excerpt [ˈɛksɜːpt]
витрина (в магазине, музее и т. п.); возможность показать что-л. в выгодном свете, с наилучшей стороны; выставочный стенд
showcase [ˈʃəʊkeɪs]
appeal [əˈpiːl] привлекать, интересовать; волновать, трогать
The worldwide appeal of Shakespeare
encounter [ɪnˈkaʊntə] столкновение; (неожиданная) встреча; (неожиданно) встретиться, столкнуться (с кем-л.)
Синоним: meet
I can’t remember the first time I encountered Shakespeare
quote [kwəʊt] цитировать, приводить чьи-л. слова; endlessly [ˈɛndlɪslɪ] нескончаемо, бесконечно
He quoted SH endlessly without me necessarily knowing it
come across [ˈkʌməˈkrɒs] быть понятным, доходить до собеседника; доходить (о словах, речи)
We come across without knowing it (text) Then slowly you realized where this things come from
meant for предназначенный для, приспособленный для, рассчитанный на
It was meant to represent everyone
deal некоторое количество, часть
he may not have known a great deal about the world
diverse [daɪˈvɜːs]
многообразный, разнообразный, разный the most diverse cities
trapdoor [ˌtræpˈdɔː]
лазейка, потайной ход
thatch [θætʃ]
соломенная или тростниковая крыша; крыша из пальмовых листьев. The materials of the building would have inspired his work. Sometimes there’s references in his plays to thatch, and to the wooden dialogue of the actor’s shoes on the stage.
wide-ranging [ˌwaɪdˈreɪndʒɪŋ]
громадный, широкий, обширный, широкомасштабный/ The audiences were wide-ranging
argue and insult each other constantly
спорить и оскорблять друг друга постоянно
nasty [ˈnɑːstɪ] отвратительный, тошнотворный; противный, мерзкий; отталкивающий
And the nastier they can be to each other, the better.
People put on Shakespearean shows
This means that theatre companies organise and perform the plays of Shakespeare. So, you could say, “The theatre in my town is putting on Romeo and Juliet next month.”
playwright
is a person who writes plays. Notice the unusual spelling, which is different from the verb, to write. It ends in I-G-H-T.
compound noun
That’s a noun made of two words, joined together
theatregoer
I’m a regular theatergoer. I (don’t) consider myself a theatre-goer because …
attempt [əˈtɛmpt]
You may take as many attempts as you wish to answer each question
troupe [truːp]
труппа The most famous troupe I know is …
respond [rɪˈspɒnd] реагировать, отзываться; отвечать
Choose a sentence and complete it by clicking ‘join the discussion’. Then read and respond to other comments.
clinic [ˈklɪnɪk] мед. больница, клиника, лечебница; курсы повышения квалификации, курсы усовершенствования; обр., преим. амер. семинар
This week we had a live clinic with the educators on both Facebook and Twitter in the live Exploring English: Shakespeare clinic.
a (person) group, or organization competing with others for the same thing or in the same area
rival communities
a result of an action or situation, esp. (in the plural) a bad result:
fall in love with tragic consequences
the probability (= how likely it is) that a particular thing will or will not happen; шансы, вероятность, возможность;
odds [ɒdz]
long odds — неравные шансы; значительное неравенство ставок, short odds — почти равные шансы; against (all) the odds — несмотря ни на что; who fall in love against the odds.
nobleman/ˈnəʊ.bl̩.mən/
a member of the nobility (= the highest social rank in a society)
маскировать, изменять внешность; переодевать; In Shakespeare’s plays, many characters appear in disguise
disguise [dɪsˈɡaɪz]
dead or appearing to be dead
her lifeless body is discovered
возбуждение, волнение
excitement [ɪkˈsaɪtmənt]
a great amount of killing and injury:
The government must find a way to restore order and end the bloodshed.
bloodshed
And it all spiralling out of control
spiral- to move in a spiral
cтолько всего случилось
Such a lot happens to Romeo and Juliet within just a few days
finally; in the end
ultimately
допускать, предполагать, думать
we assume [əˈsjuːm]
(SHOW SUPPORT) (SHOW UNDERSTANDING)
sympathize; should we sympathise with Juliet’s parents, who want their daughter to marry a wealthy man?
-
The hand of fate
-
to tempt fate
-
a fate worse than death
-
to seal someone’s fate
active, forceful, and determined; целеустремленный, решительный…
feisty
to do what you are told or expected to do according to someone in authority or a rule or law
obey /oʊˈbeɪ/
из уважения
just out of respect
relatable-узнаваемые; alien-coming from a different country, race, or group; foreign
it could be more relatable to them, and less alien
взрыв (смеха и т. п.); гул; гудение (людей); Синоним: noise
uproar [ˈʌprɔː]
passion/ˈpæʃ·ən/ a powerful emotion or its expression, esp. the emotion of love, anger, or hate
She was just going with her heart and her passion. And that feeling– it’s taken over her.
to talk back to someone
‘to reply rudely’ (behaving in a way that hurts other people’s feelings; not polite)
to back someone
If the girls in the theatre audience ‘backed’ Juliet, it means that they supported her and they wanted things to go well for her.
щедрость. My bounty is as boundless as the sea.
bounty [ˈbaʊntɪ]
безграничный, бесконечный, беспредельный, неограниченный
boundless [ˈbaʊndlɪs]
бесконечный, беспредельный, безграничный
infinite [ˈɪnfɪnɪt]
бросаться в глаза, выделяться
sticks out. There’s this line that always sticks out.
be encouraging and helpful
ободряющий; обнадеживающий; поощряющий, поддерживающий; encouraging smile — одобрительная улыбка
star-crossed lovers
This means people whose love is difficult or impossible, because of the situation they’re in. In Romeo and Juliet’s case, their love is almost impossible
debatable /dɪˈbeɪ·t̬ə·bəl/
not clear, not certain, or not fixed; possibly not true; спорный…
to cause people to do or believe something, esp. by explaining why they should: The government is trying to persuade consumers to save more.
persuade /pərˈsweɪd/
совершить убийство
to commit murder
It’s a brilliant psychological study of what can happen when people want power and will do anything to get it.
psychological study
to advance someone to a more important rank or position:
She was promoted to division manager last year.
содействовать, поддерживать, рекламировать…
promote/prəˈmoʊt/
comes up
So she comes up with a plan to murder King Duncan
But Lady Macbeth has a very powerful personality and is very cold-blooded
a very powerful personality
feeling fear or worry
frightened/ˈfraɪ.tənd/ Duncan’s son Malcolm is frightened that he might be killed too. And so he escapes to England to lie low and stay safe.
hire/hɑɪər/
to start to employ someone
a nearby forest comes to his castle
nearby [adj] not far away in distance; close
relieved adj
happy that something unpleasant has not happened or has ended. Macbeth is relieved.
the fact or state of having done something wrong or committed a crime
guilt - вина, сознание вины, виновность
to enter a place by force, often in large numbers
invade /ɪnˈveɪd/вторгаться, нападать, наводнять…
“I have done the deed”
an intentional act, especially a very bad or very good one; It seems to me that a lot of evil deeds are done in the name of religion.
She’s always helping people and doing good deeds. поступок, дело, документ
to oppose and cause someone to lose in a competition or war so that you can win; наносить поражение, проваливать, расстраивать;
defeat; Bill Clinton defeated George Bush for the presidency in 1992.
предсказание
prophecy /ˈprɑf·ə·si/
щедрость, великодушие
generosity /ˌdʒen.əˈrɒs.ɪ.ti/
to rule a country, or to have power or control; царствование, период управления, главенства;
reign v/n; the reign of Louis XIV
the murder of someone famous or important;
assassination /əˌsæs.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/; the assassination of the opposition leader
a person, group, or organization competing with others for the same thing or in the same area; соперник, конкурент
rival /ˈrɑɪ·vəl/
unpleasantly proud and behaving as if you are more important than, or know more than, other people; высокомерный
arrogant /ˈær·ə·ɡənt/
to make someone feel a particular, and often bad, way toward someone else, or to influence someone in a particular way; располагать, склонять
dispose /dɪˈspoʊz/ Her sense of humor disposed me to like her.
вина; виновность; сознание вины; преступление
guilt [ɡɪlt] Both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are filled with guilt over what they have done.
Macbeth and Lady Macbeth’s greed for power - their ambition - leads them to murder and, ultimately, to their deaths.
Ambition
supernatural [ˌs(j)uːpəˈnætʃ(ə)rəl] сверхъестественное
Witches, ghosts and strange predictions would have seemed a lot less unusual to audiences in Shakespeare’s times than they might do today.
a circular decoration for the head, usually made of gold and jewels, worn by a king or queen at official ceremonies; корона, тулья, темя
crown
the brightness that a shiny surface has; a very special, attractive quality that people admire
lustre/ˈlʌs.tər/
восхищаться
admire
освобождать, избавлять; to free a person or place of something unwanted or harmful
rid [rɪd] For the witch’s predictions to come true, he needs to basically get rid of King Duncan.
возмужалость, зрелость, мужественность; мужество, храбрость
manhood [ˈmænhʊd] She also questions his manhood.
двигать, побуждать, стимулировать, толкать;
propel [prəˈpɛl] So she kind of propels him with this manipulation
коварная женщина
scheming [ˈskiːmɪŋ] woman
“the be-all and end-all”
means the best thing, the most important thing about something so that you don’t need to look for anything else. “Look, money is not the be-all and end-all.” Or if your car-mad friend Jerry met a woman whom he loved even more than cars, you could say that, for Jerry, “Cars used to the be-all and end-all until he met Louise.”
“the world is my oyster”
means, “I can do whatever I want” or “I can go wherever I want.”
устрица
oyster /ˈɔɪ·stər/
to lie low
to hide, and stay out of trouble; After King Duncan was murdered, his son Malcolm escaped to England to lie low and stay out of Macbethʼs way.
a night owl
a person who is busy at night while other people are asleep; Iʼm a real night owl. I like to study at night, then go for a walk, and go to bed at around 3am.
at a snailʼs pace
very slowly; Traffic was moving at a snailʼs pace.
to break the ice
make people feel relaxed when they first meet; When Keith and I found out that we both supported the same football team, it helped to break the ice.
predominant
being the most noticeable or largest in number, or having the most power or influence
pointy
shaped into a point:
She was wearing a pointy hat.
the sharp or narrow end of something, such as a knife or pin:
I stuck myself with the point of the needle.
ado /əˈdu/
delay or unnecessary activity; Much Ado About Nothing
argue /ˈɑr·ɡju/
to disagree esp. strongly and sometimes angrily in talking or discussing something:
They argued about money.
But one of the guests decides to ruin things for them.
to ruin things for them.
He plans to trick Claudio into thinking that Hero is unfaithful to him.
to trick-to make someone believe something that is not true, or to persuade someone to do something based on a false understanding of the facts:
She tricked me into telling her what I was up to.
Beatrice and Benedick completely fall for each other
fall for each other
accuse /əˈkjuz/
обвинять; She accused me of lying.
faint /feɪnt/
to become unconscious unexpectedly for a short time
maid
горничная, служанка
faithful
верный, преданный, точный…
Meanwhile, Hero, Claudio, and their friends have a plan of their own.
have a plan of their own
overhear
to hear what other people are saying unintentionally and without their knowledge
confess /kənˈfes/
to admit that you have done something wrong, or to admit unwillingly that something is true: I’ve got something to confess – I confess that I ate the pie. признаваться, исповедоваться
mourn /mɔrn, moʊrn/
оплакивать, скорбеть… to feel or express deep sadness, esp. because of someone’s death:
[T] Frank is mourning the death of his father.
innocent /ˈɪn·ə·sənt/
It was a totally innocent kind of mistake. (of a person) not guilty of a particular crime, or having no knowledge of the unpleasant and evil things in life, or (of words or an action) not intended to cause harm:
bride’s veil
veil /veɪl/ a piece of thin material worn to protect or hide the face or head
All’s well that ends well
All’s well that ends well
Claudio doesn’t know this, is both angry and upset with Hero.
with Hero.
especially when Beatrice and Benedick insult each other in funny ways.
/ɪnˈsʌlt/to act in a way or say something that is offensive or rude to someone:
Don’t insult me just because I can’t dance. оскорблять
disgusting
extremely unpleasant or unacceptable. отвратительный
They both get very excited about this news
about this news
The plot of Much Ado About Nothing takes unexpected twists and turns so that you don’t know what to expect.
twists and turns
obedient/oʊˈbid·i·ənt/
doing or willing to do what you have been asked or ordered to do by someone in authority
vulnerable /ˈvʌl·nər·ə·bəl/
able to be easily hurt, influenced, or attacked; уязвимый, ранимый
witty /ˈwɪt̬·i/
using words in an amusing and intelligent way; full of wit, остроумный
gripping
interesting or exciting:
a gripping story
nasty /ˈnæs·ti/
ужасный, противный, злобный…
The action takes place in an Italian town called Messina.
-
fundamentally /ˌfʌn.dəˈmen.təl.i/
in a basic and important way
imagery
образ, образность
tempest/ˈtem·pəst/
a violent storm
betray
предавать, выдавать…
manage /ˈmæn·ɪdʒ/
справляться, ухитряться, руководить
frighten /ˈfrɑɪ·tənd/
to make someone feel fear
shipwreck /ˈʃɪpˌrek/
the destruction or sinking of a ship at sea, or a ship destroyed this way
persuade /pərˈsweɪd/
уговаривать, убеждать…
The plot of The Tempest on the face of it, is quite simple.
-
to take revenge on them
to do something bad to someone, because they’ve done something bad to you.
show mercy to someone
you’re kind and don’t punish someone even though you could if you wanted to.
curse
to say rude or offensive words about something or someone because you are angry
rag /ræɡ/
a piece of usually old, torn cloth
bruised /bruːzd/
having bruises(синяк)
calf /kæf/
a young cow, or the young of various other large mammals, including elephants and whales
contradictory
противоречивый
strick
ударять, стукнуть, приходить в голову…
vice /vɑɪs/
a moral fault or weakness in a person’s character; порок, зло, преступление…
wrath /ræθ/
гнев, ярость… (fury /ˈfjʊər·i/ ярость, бешенство…)
lust /lʌst/
вожделение, жажда…
reject /rɪˈdʒekt/
to refuse to accept, use, or believe something or someone:
The school rejects a third of all applicants.
He’s not interested in sitting still and watching.
sitting still
he’s been bored rigid
rigid /ˈrɪdʒ·ɪd/ not permitting any change: I keep to a rigid schedule.; not able to be bent: rigid plastic; жесткий, строгий, негнущийся…
attitude
отношение…the way you feel about something or someone, or a particular feeling or opinion
it’s been argued
argue /ˈɑr·ɡju/ to disagree esp. strongly and sometimes angrily in talking or discussing something; спорить, приводить доводы…
pomp and circumstance
It describes a very grand ceremony. For example, when a king or president is on a state visit to another country. So we could say, much pomp and circumstance surrounded the president’s funeral.
a heightened, courtly audience
heighten - to increase, esp. an emotion or effect: As the excitement heightened, the audience began stamping their feet.
courtly - polite and formal in behaviour
journeyman
a worker who has a skill that makes them able to do a particular job, and who usually works for someone else; any worker who produces good but not excellent work
So I think, even in Shakespeare’s time, he understood that not everybody was understanding everything at every given moment, but the general sense comes over you.
comes over you -
blanket/ˈblæŋ·kɪt/
a cloth cover used to keep warm, esp. on a bed: fig. Congress was nearly buried under a blanket of criticism.
gossip /ˈɡɑs·p/
talk about other people’s private lives
hostile /ˈhɑs·təl, -tɑɪl/
showing strong dislike; unfriendly: Her parents were openly hostile to me.
ladybird
божья коровка
obscene /əbˈsin, ɑb-/
offensive, rude, or disgusting according to accepted moral standards; непристойный, большой до неприличия…
priceless
more valuable than any amount of money; precious: He has a priceless collection of antique silver.
puke /pjuk/ slang
блевать
watchdog /ˈwɑtʃˌdɔɡ, ˈwɔtʃ-/
контролирующая организация…
your own flesh and blood
“My brother’s not like me at all. It’s hard to believe he’s my own flesh and blood.”
pomp and circumstance
which was used in Shakespeare’s play, Othello. It describes a very grand ceremony. For example, when a king or president is on a state visit to another country. So we could say, much pomp and circumstance surrounded the president’s funeral.
the be-all and end-all
you could say when you’re choosing a job, a good salary isn’t the be-all and end-all, it’s more important that you enjoy the work you’re doing.
you can carry on at your own speed
carry on at your own speed
it’s been described as the most frequently performed play in the world.
it’s been described
Rather strangely, he’s also now married to Hamlet’s mother.
Rather strangely
breaks up with her
разорвал с ней
goes off in a rage
in a rage /reɪdʒ/extreme or violent anger, or a period of feeling such anger
he deserves
/dɪˈzɜːv/ заслуживать…
household /ˈhɑʊs·hoʊld/
a group of people, often a family, who live together
start (something) off
to begin doing something
threat
угроза, опасность…
accomplice /əˈkɑm·plɪs/
сообщник…
avenge
to get satisfaction by harming or punishing the person responsible for something bad done to you or your family or friends; мстить
intent
намерение
elsewhere
(at, in, from, or to) another place or other places; anywhere or somewhere else
contribute
to help by providing money or support, esp. when other people or conditions are also helping: Tourism contributes substantially to the local economy. делать взнос, жертвовать (деньги), сотрудничать (в газете…
And so the fact that in the Western world, his taking off the time is viewed as a problem.
taking off the time - to leave suddenly:
When he saw me coming, he took off in the other direction.
enchant /ɪnˈtʃænt/
to charm or please someone a lot:
He was enchanted by stories of the Old West.
stake/steɪk/
a share in something, esp. a financial share in a business, or an emotional investment in something:
He holds a 20% stake in the company.
the audience were just open-mouthed
open-mouthed
outbreak
the sudden start of something bad.
watchdog
Literally, a watchdog is a dog is used to guard or protect people, but it’s also used now to mean a person or an organisation that makes sure that other people obey the law and do what they’re supposed to do.
tongue-tied
Not knowing what to say.
E.g When he first saw her, he was too tongue-tied to say anything.
well-read
having read a lot
E.g.She’s highly educated and very well-read.
a group of words from a book, play, speech, etc., that are repeated by someone who did not write them
quotation
“all that glitters is not gold”
means that something that looks attractive isn’t always really valuable
you’re a bit jealous
/ˈdʒel·əs/ unhappy and slightly angry because you wish you had someone else’s qualities, advantages, or success
“constant as the northern star.”
it comes from Shakespeare’s tragedy Julius Caesar. Caesar compares himself to what we now call the North Star, which stays in exactly the same place in the sky all the time.
A foregone conclusion
A decision made before the evidence (свидетельство, доказательство) for it is known. An inevitable(/ɪˈnev·ɪ·t̬ə·bl/неизбежный) conclusion(вывод).
Wear your heart on your sleeve
Display one’s emotions openly.
There’s method in my madness
From Shakespeare’s Hamlet, 1602. The actual line from the play is ‘Though this be madness yet there is method in it’.
ostensibly /ɑˈsten·sə·bli/
not gradable, под предлогом; на первый взгляд; с виду; под видом
