Sexual Repro N4 Flashcards
How many parents does sexual reproduction require?
2
What needs to join for fertilisation?
Sex cells
What are sex cells called?
Gametes
What gametes are male?
Sperm
Where is the nucleus in sperm?
In the head
Where is the DNA in the sperm
Nucleus, in the head
How often do the ovaries produce an egg
Every 28 days
Are offsprings all the same?
No
What do the ovaries do?
Produce eggs
What is the oviduct for?
For the embryo to plant in
What happens in the vagina?
Sperm are deposited into the female
Whats the sperm duct?
Tube connecting the testes to the urethra
What happens in the urethra?
Sperm exit the body through this tube
Whats the penis for?
To deposit sperm into the female
What happens in the testes?
Sperm are made
What is fertilisation?
The fusion of the two male and female gametes
How are non identical twins formed?
2 egg cells are fertilised, each egg by a different sperm
How are identical twins formed?
1 egg fertilised by one sperm then divides into 2 halves
Where does sexual reproduction happens for fish?
Outside the body (externally)
Do frogs use external fertilisation?
Yes
How long do lambs get milk from their mum for?
Around 6 months
How many parents are involved in asexual reproduction?
1
Are sex cells produced in asexual reproduction?
No
Are offsprings identical in asexual reproduction?
Yes
What can produce asexually?
Flowers & sea anenemys
How can a wind pollenated plant be identified?
Pollen grains are light & petals are dull in colour
How an insect pollenated plant be identified?
Bright petals, sticky stigma and nectar to attract insects
How does pollen travel?
By the wind or insects
Where does pollen travel from and to?
The anther to the stigma of another plant
What is selective breeding?
Breeding the best plants with favoured traits
How can selective breeding benefit us?
Can make plants healthier for us
What are some methods of selective breeding?
Cuttings, layering and clonings
How does cutting work?
Cutting forms roots in water before being planted into moist soil
What do plants need to grow?
Water & oxygen
Can asexual plants adapt to different environments?
No
Do sexual reproductive things always have good features?
No
Where is the information to build an organism stored in a cell?
Nucleus
What does variation mean?
Difference between individuals of the same species
Children inherit character from….?
Their parents
Dominant alleles overrule…?
Recessive alleles
What is a hereditary disease?
A disease you inherit that you cannot catch
How do we gain water?
Drinking, eating and chemical reactions
How can we lose liquids?
Exhaling, urination, sweating, crying
What happens in kidneys failure
The body’s internal water balance will become disturbed
Kidney transplant is when…?
Replacement kidney is transplanted
What are pros of kidney transplant?
Person can lead a normal life, no machines needed
What are the pros of dialysis?
Purifies blood, cannot be rejected
What are the cons of kidney transplant?
Might reject, healthy kidneys are low in supply
What are the cons of dialysis?
Not portable, expensive, patient cannot live freely, takes a long time to
What does homeostasis do?
Keep internal temperature steady
External factors vary according to?
Weather, food and water intake
Internal factors vary according to?
Temperature and glucose levels
How can our blood sugar levels increase?
Drinking and eating
What happens when our blood sugar levels increase?
Body releases insulin
What happens when our blood sugar levels decrease?
Pancreas releases glucagon
How can blood sugar levels decrease?
By doing exercise and respiring
