Serotonin/Dopamine Flashcards
5-HT1A
Effect: Mood, cognitive function, neuroendocrine function, inhibition of 5-HT release
Drug: Buspirone (agonist)
Clinical Disorder: anxiety, depression
5-HT1D
Effect: Vasoconstriction, inhibition of NT release
Drug: Sumatriptan (inhibition of inflammatory mediator release, cerebrovasoconstriction)
Clinical disorder: Migraine (prophylactic)
5-HT2A/2C
Effect: Hallucination, inhibits DA release
Drug: Trazodone (serotonin antagonist reuptake inhibitor aka SARI, blocks side effects associated with SSRIs, ie insomnia and sexual dysfunction)
Risperidone (5-H2A/D2/3 antagonist, supressed DA release in mesolimbic aka reward pathway to stop hallucinations and increased DA release in mesocortical pathway to stop flat affect)
Clinical disorder: depression, schizophrenia
5-HT3
Effect: Gut motility, nausea, vomiting
Drug: Ondansetron (blocks receptor that stimulates vagal efferents/activates emetic center. Well-tolerated)
Clinical disorder: Chemotherapy-induced emesis
5-HT4
Effect: Gut motility
Drug: Mosapride (not in US, but stimulates relase of Ach into myenteric plexus)
Clinical disorder: GI disorders
5-HT transporter
Effect: Removal of 5-HT from synapse
Drug: Fluoxetine, sertraline (increases 5-HT release which initially causes self-inhibition but eventually 1a receptors desensitize and allows more serotonin release)
Clinical disorder: depression, panic disorder, OCD, PTSD, social phobia
Dopamine pathway
L-phenylalanine -> L-Tyrosine —- (tyrosine hydroxylase) –> L-DOPA
Rate limiting enzyme in DA pathway
Tyrosine hydroxylase