Psych Drugs Flashcards
Lithium
Anticonvulsant aka mood stabilizer
Bipolar Drug
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Anticonvulsant aka mood stabilizer
Bipolar Drug
No bipolar depression
Valproic Acid (Depakene and Depakote)
Anticonvulsant aka mood stabilizer
Bipolar Drug
No bipolar depression
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Anticonvulsant aka mood stabilizer
Bipolar Drug
No acute mania
Haloperidol (Haldol)
First Generation Antipsychotic
Butyrophenone
Bipolar Drug
High potency
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
First Generation Antipsychotic
Phenothiazine
Bipolar Drug
Low potency
First antipsychotic discovered
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
Paliperidone (Invega)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
Geodone (Ziprasidone)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
No bipolar depression
QTc prolongation!
Iloperidone (Fanapt)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
Lurasidone (Latuda)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
Olanzapine + Fluoxetine (Symbyax)
Second Generation Antipsychotic + SSRI
Bipolar Drug
Quetiapine (Seroquel)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
Asenapine (Saphris)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Bipolar Drug
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Partial agonist
Bipolar Drug
No bipolar depression
Imipramine (Tofranil)
TCA
Tertiary
Long acting
Anti-histaminergic action (aka sedation SE) used for sleep disorder
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
TCA
Tertiary
Long acting
Anti-histaminergic action (aka sedation SE) used for sleep disorder
Desipramine (Norpramin)
TCA
Secondary
Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
TCA
Secondary
Clomipramine (Anafranil)
TCA
3 but act like 2
Doxepin (Sinequan)
TCA
3 but act like 2
Long acting
Anti-histaminergic action (aka sedation SE) used for sleep disorder
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
SSRI
Paroxetine (Paxil)
SSRI
Sertraline (Zoloft)
SSRI
Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
SSRI
Citalopram (Celexa)
SSRI
Escitalopram (Lexapro)
SSRI
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
SNRI
Venlafaxine (Effexor)
SNRI
Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
SNRI
Metabolite of Venlafaxine
Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban)
Atypical Antidepressant
NE and DA reuptake inhibition
Welbutrin is antidepressant
Zyban reduces craving for nicotine
Mirtazapine (Remeron)
Atypical Antidepressant
a2 adrenergic receptor antagonist (increases NE and 5-HT)
Long acting
Anti-histaminergic action (aka sedation SE) used for sleep disorder
Nefazodone (Serzone)
Atypical Antidepressant
5-HT2A antagonist and 5-HT reuptake inhibitor
Intermediate acting
Anti-histaminergic action (aka sedation SE) used for sleep disorder
Trazodone (Deseryl)
Atypical Antidepressant
Blocks 5-HT2 and a1-adrenergic receptors
Intermediate acting
Anti-histaminergic action (aka sedation SE) used for sleep disorder
Vilazodone (Viibryd)
Atypical Antidepressant
5-HT reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT1A partial agonist
Vortioxetine (Brintellix)
Atypical Antidepressant
5-HT reuptake inhibition and 5-HT1A full agonist
Tranylcypromine
MAOI
Phenelzine
MAOI
Isocarboxazid
MAOI
Selegiline
MAOI (selective B)
Moclobemide
Reversible MAOI
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
Benzodiazepine
Long t1/2
Long acting
Metabolite is desmethyldiazepam
Diazepam (Valium)
Benzodiazepine
Long t1/2
Long acting
Metabolite is desmethyldiazepam
Flurazepam
Benzodiazepine
Long t1/2
Long acting
Approved for insomnia
Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
Benzodiazepine
Long t1/2
aka Date Rape drug
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Benzodiazepine
Long t1/2
Midazolam (Versed)
Benzodiazepine
Moderate t1/2
Short acting
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Benzodiazepine
Moderate t1/2
Intermediate acting
Triazolam (Halcion)
Benzodiazepine
Moderate t1/2
Short acting
Approved for insomnia, high abuse potential
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Benzodiazepine
Short t1/2
Intermediate acting
Phase II only!
Not FDA approved for insomnia but commonly prescribed for it
Oxazepam (Serax)
Benzodiazepine
Short t1/2
Intermediate acting
Phase II only!
Temazepam (Restoril)
Benzodiazepine
Short t1/2
Phase II only!
Approved for insomnia
Estazolam (ProSom)
Benzodiazepine
Intermediate acting
Approved for insomnia
Chlorazepate (Tranxene)
Benzodiazepine
Long t1/2
Long acting
Metabolite is desmethyldiazepam
Zolpidem (Ambien)
Selective Non-Benzodiazepine
Imidazopyridine
Short acting
Zaleplon (Sonata)
Selective Non-Benzodiazepine
Imidazopyridine
Short acting
Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
Selective Non-Benzodiazepine
Pyrrolopyrazine
Short acting
Phenobarbital (Luminol Sodium)
Barbiturate
Long t1/2
Long acting
Methohexital
Barbiturate
Thiopental
Barbiturate
Short t1/2
Short acting
Mexihexital
Barbiturate
Short t1/2
Amobarbital (Amytal)
Barbiturate
Moderate t1/2
Secobarbital (Seconal)
Barbiturate
Moderate t1/2
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Barbiturate
Moderate t1/2
Long acting
Ramelton (Rozerem)
Novel Sedative-Hypnotic
Melatonin receptor agonist - circadian sleep rhythms
Short acting
Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
H1 receptor antagonist
Long acting
SE of sedation used in tx of sleep disorders
Hydroxyzine (Atarax, Visteril)
H1 receptor antagonist
Intermediate acting
SE of sedation used in tx of sleep disorders
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
H1 receptor antagonist
Short acting
SE of sedation used in tx of sleep disorders
Valeriana officinalis
Herbal Preparation for sleep
Sesquiterpenes are active compound: mediate GABA release and inhibit GABA breakdown
Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)
Herbal Preparation for sleep
Benzodiazepine agonist
Apigenin is active ingredient
Kava
Herbal Preparation for Sleep
Facilitates binding of GABA
Kaval lactones are active ingredient
Passion flower
Herbal Preparation for Sleep
Benzodiazepine partial agonist
Chrysin is active compound
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
Non-Benzodiazepine agonist
Competes for BZ1 and BZ2, higher affinity than beznos, imidazopyradine, and pyrrolopyrazines
Short acting
Thioridazine (Mellaril)
First Generation Antipsychotic
Phenothiazine
Low potency
QTc prolongation!
Perphenazine (Trilafon)
First Generation Antipsychotic
Phenothiazine
Medium potency
Trifluoperazine (Stelazine)
First Generation Antipsychotic
Phenothiazine
High potency
Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
First Generation Antipsychotic
Phenothiazine
High potency
Thiothixene (Navane)
First Generation Antipsychotic
Thiothixenes
Medium potency
Cocaine
CNS stimulant
Inhibits DA transporters, increases DA in synaptic cleft
Tx with bromocriptine or benzos (lorazepam)
Amphetamines
Synthetic CNS stimulant Inhibits VMAT (filling of vesicles), leads to reversal of DAT and increases DA in synaptic cleft
Tx for asthma, narcolepsy, obesity
Bromocriptine
Dopamine agonist
Short term tx of cocaine withdrawal
Opioids
Morphine, codeine
Semi-synthetic: heroin, hydromrophine (Dilaudid), oxycodone
Synthetic: fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Naloxone (Narcan, Nalone)
m-opioid receptor antagonist with high affinity
Fast-acting tx of opioid overdose
Naltrexone (Vivitrol)
m-opioid receptor antagonist
Tx of opioid and alcohol dependence
Avoid giving with disulfiram, both are hepatotoxic
Methadone
m-opioid receptor agonist
Has long t1/2
Prevents withdrawal symptoms and cravings
Buprenorphine
Partial m-opioid receptor agonist
Tx of opioid withdrawal
High affinity and slow dissociation
Given with naloxone to decrease IV abuse
Dilsulfram
Alcohol aversion therapy
Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase –> increased levels of acetaldehyde
Causes nausea, dizziness, headache, hypotension, vomiting when patient drinks
Least effective because patient will just stop taking it
Hepatotoxic
Acamprosate
Tx for alcohol dependence
Restores balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition
Most effective
Contraindicated in severe renal disease
Varenicline
Partial agonist of nicotinic ACh receptor
Tx for nicotine dependence, relieves cravings/withdrwal symptoms
Reduces pharmacologic reward from cigarette smoking