Introduction Flashcards
Medical Pharmacology
The use of drugs in the prevention (prophylaxis) and treatment of diseases
Toxicology
Undesirable effects of chemicals and biologics on cellular functions
Pharmacokinetics
Effect of BODY on DRUGS (absorption, distribution, excretion)
Pharmacodynamics
Action of DRUGS on the BODY
ie mechanism of action and therapeutic and toxic effects
Active immunization
- Inactivated bacteria
- Inactivated virus
- Bacterial polysaccharide
Passive immunization
- Immunoglobulins
- Recombinant antibodies
Fick’s law of diffusion
Predicts rate of movement of molecule across a barrier
(C1-C2) x Permeability coefficient/Thickness x Area
First order elimination
Rate of elimination is proportional to the concentration of drug
Higher [drug] = greater amount of drug eliminated per unit time
Zero order elimination
Rate of elimination is constant regardless of [drug]
Single compartment distribution
Few drugs behave as they distributed to only one compartment (ie vascular compartment)
Other drugs have more complex distributions that required more than two compartments (ie vascular and then tissues)
Type I receptor`
Plasma membrane
ie acetylcholine and norepinephrine
Type II receptors
Cytoplasm
ie steroid hormones
Type III receptors
Nucleus
ie anticancer drugs
Drug nomenclature
Chemical names: utilizes rules of organic chemistry
Code name: assigned to drug by pharmaceutical manufacturer
Generic name (nonproprietary name): if a drug is admitted to the US Pharmacopoeia, the generic name becomes the official name of the drug
Tradename (proprietary name) (trademark) (registered name): If a drug is marketed by more than one pharmaceutical company, then the same drug may have several trade names but only one official generic name
Chemical equivalence
Related to amount of drug per tablet
