Senses: Eyes Flashcards
the mucus membranes that lines eyelids & covers the sclera -
Conjuctiva
nonvascular, transparent
focuses light rays - refracts
cornea
a white coat of tough fibrous tissue
- gives support & protection
- the “white” of the eye
sclera
in front of the lens
- it is filled with aqueous humor
- Constant pressure needs to be maintained to prevent glaucoma
anterior chamber
it is a watery fluid in the anterior chamber
-also is transparent
aqueous humor
A hole through which light enters the eye
pupil
it is a doughnut shaped muscle
- regulates the amount of light entering the pupil
iris
it’s secretes aqueous humor
Ciliary Body - Ciliary Process
it contracts to change the lens shape and focus on near objects
ciliary muscle
aqueous humor returns the venous blood system through this opening
-adjusts pressure of the ehe
canals of schlemm
constructed of layers of protein is held in position by means of a suspensory ligament
- refracts
- focuses
lens
it’s behind the lens
- is filled with the vitreous humor
posterior chamber
a jelly-like fluid which functions to refracture light and keep retina in place
vitreous humor
it’s function is converting images to impulse
it’s nervous layer has three zones of neurons
retina
three zones of neurons of the retina:
Photo receptor cells
bipolar cells
ganglion cells
-vison/black and white
rods
daytime & color vision
cones
…….. has the greatest concentration in there for the area of the greatest visual acuity and bright light
fovea centrals
they pick up the impulses from the rods or cones and sends to the ganglion cells
bipolar cells
this zone of neurons passes the impulse to the optic nerve
ganglion cells
The two sides of her brain receive different outputs from our …..
eyes
The left side of your brain receives input from the …. Side of our visual world
right
and the right brain get input from the ….. Side of our world
left
- thin layer
- with lots of blood vessels
- containing dark pigment to prevent scattering of incoming race
- absorbs light and nourishes the eye
choroid
9 vision disorders -
myopia hyperopia presbyopia cataracts glaucoma conjucntivitis colorblind astigmatism
nearsightedness.
- far objects are blurry
- Image focuses in the front of the retina
myopia
farsightedness
- near objects are blurry
- Image focuses behind the retina
hyperopia
“old eye”
elasticity of age
cannot see near
40-45
Presbyopia
cloudy spot on the lens
- dim light is difficult to see
cataracts
increase intraocular pressure do to too much aqueous humor
-loss of peripheral vision first
glaucoma
inflammation of the conjunctiva
- maybe dry eyes or a bacterial infection(pink eye)
conjunctivitis
inherited on X chromosome
- A problem with photo pigment production
colorblind
this is caused by irregular curvature of the cornea, makes the image partly blurry
Astigmatism
The properties of light –
A form of energy, behave as though they are propagated in waves, is made up of colors, it refracts
trace light once it enters the eye -
light enters the eye and travels through the ... cornea - then aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina - bipolar cell - ganglion cell - optic nerve - optic chiasm - optic tract - occipital lobe.
colorblind people sees the world as ….
if they are color blind RED -
they see red as grey
yellow as green
& magenta as blue
if they are colorblind BLUE -
they see red as red
yellow as yellow
and magenta as red
if someone is colorblind GREEN -
they see red as red
yellow as red
megenta as magenta
our eyes refract light by ……
bending the light as it travels through a transparent substance
our eyes have four layers that refract this light -
cornea
aqueous humor
lens
vitreous humor
we accommodate by ….
the lens is changing its shape by using ciliary muscle contraction or extension in response to the varying distance of objects
we see in dim light by …..
using our rods, which makes us have better peripheral vision in dim
we see in bright light w…..
our cones & by the constriction of our pupils
erythrolabe, chlorolabe, cyanolable -
all lobes
erythrolabe is broken by …
red light
chlorolabe is broken by …
green light
cyanolable is broken by ….
blue light
cerebrovascular accident also means -
stroke
it’s the loss of memory-
Alzheimer’s
this disorder is a decreased amount of dopamine
Parkinsons
