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H Anatomy/physiology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

its the study of internal and external structures of organisms and the relationship of its parts -

A

anatomy

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2
Q

2 anatomys -

A

microscorpic anatomy

macroscorpic anatomy

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3
Q

study of structures that need to be magnified

A

microscorpic anatomy

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4
Q

also called GROSS Anatomy, study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye

A

macroscorpic anatomy

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5
Q

looking at the levels of organization, what does the existence of life depend on?

A

proper chemistry

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6
Q

study of the functions of organisms andparts

A

physiology

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7
Q

structures are designed for ……

A

specific function

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8
Q

describe what “form follows function” means

A

structures determine function, and function influences anantomy or organism

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9
Q

survival depends on ….

A

maintaining constant conditions within the body

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10
Q

“same standing”

relative constancy of the normal bodys internal environment , despite the changes

A

homeostasis

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11
Q

homeostasis is a ……. process

A

dynamic

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12
Q

what are 2 feedback loops -

A

positive & negative

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13
Q

3 basic components of feedback loops -

A

sensor, control, respond

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14
Q

detects change in specific element and signal control

A

sensor

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15
Q

it sends signals to effectors

A

control

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16
Q

respond to integrator

A

effectors

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17
Q

it opposes change to return to normal (opposite)

A

negative feedback loop

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18
Q

an ex of negative feedback loop -

A

increase breathing to replace oxygen

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19
Q

it temporarily amplifies change to return to normal

A

positive feedback loop

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20
Q

an example of a positive feedback loop -

A

labor

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21
Q

which type of feedback loop is the most common in the human body

A

negative

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22
Q

what does disease mean

A

not at ease

and body does not function normally

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23
Q

its the study of the transmission, frequency, distribution, and control of disease

A

epidemiology

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24
Q

a disease that can be spread in many ways (person to person, insect to person)

A

communicable

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25
Q

a disease spread from person to person

A

contagious

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26
Q

its the study of disease

A

pathology

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27
Q

causes disease -

A

pathogenic

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28
Q

an infectious disease from medical facility

A

nosocomial

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29
Q

it means the cause of the disease is unknown

A

idiopathic

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30
Q

How do you know when a disease is occuring -

A

signs
vital signs
symptoms
prognosis

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31
Q

they are objective and measurable

A

signs

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32
Q

they are signs vital to life … ex. pulse, blood pres. blood temp

A

vital signs

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33
Q

they are subjective

A

symptoms

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34
Q

its the prediciton of the outcome of the disease

A

prognosis

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35
Q

what is anatomical positiion -

A

standing w aarms @ side, palms forward

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36
Q

patient is on his or her back

A

supine

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37
Q

patient is on his/her stomach

A

prone

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38
Q

it is used to show the reader which way the body is posittioned

A

compass rosette

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39
Q

where the right and left sides are mirror images

A

bilateral symmetry

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40
Q

where theyre the same side

A

ipsilateral

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41
Q

where theyre the opposite sides

A

contralateral

42
Q

toward the head -

A

superior

43
Q

toward the feet

A

inferior

44
Q

toward the front

A

anterior (ventral)

45
Q

toward the back

A

posterior (dorsal)

46
Q

toward the middle

A

medial

47
Q

toward the side

A

lateral

48
Q

toward the trunk

A

proximal

49
Q

away from the trunk

A

distal

50
Q

near the surface

A

superficial

51
Q

deep

A

away from the surface

52
Q

where is the spleen in reference to the stomach

A

posterior

53
Q

where is the shoulder blade in reference to the urinary bladder -

A

superior, lateral, posterior

54
Q

what are the four planes and sections

A

sagittal
midsagittal
frontal
transverse

55
Q

it gives right and left sides

A

sagittal

56
Q

gives equals halves

A

midsagittal

57
Q

gives front and back

A

frontal

58
Q

gives up and down

A

transverse

59
Q

what are the 2 body regions

A

appendicular

axial

60
Q

its the upper and lower extremities (arms and legs)

A

appendicular

61
Q

its the head neck torso & contains 2 major cavities -

A

axial

62
Q

what two cavitites are found in the ventral cavity

A

thoracic, abdominopelvic

63
Q

what are the right and left pleural

A

lungs

64
Q

the mediastinum region is between the …

A

lungs

65
Q

the heart is in a seperate cavity called the

A

pericardial cavity

66
Q

the liver, gallbladdder, stomach, spleen, pancreas, sm intestine, parts of lg intestine are found ….

A

in abdominal area

67
Q

the lower colon, rectum, urinary bladder, reproductive organ are found …

A

pelvic area

68
Q

its the muscle that seperates the thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

69
Q

what are the two parts of the dorsal cavity

A

cranial

spinal

70
Q

cranial -

A

brain

71
Q

spinal -

A

spinal cord

72
Q

what are two cavity membranes -

A

visceral

parietal

73
Q

visceral -

A

membranes that cover organs

74
Q

parietal -

A

membranes that line cavitites

75
Q

visceral & pariteal are both …..

A

serous membranes

76
Q

where are cavity membranes found -

A

in the pleural and peritoneal

77
Q

term for membranes in the pleural cavity

A

pleural cavity

78
Q

term for membranes in the abdominopelvic cavity

A

peritoneal

79
Q

what is the space between the parietal and visceral pleural membranes -

A

pleural cavity

80
Q

what is tthe space between the parietal peritoneum & visceral peritonem -

A

peritoneal cavity

81
Q

liver
gallblader
rt kidney
part of large intestine

A

RUQ

82
Q

appendix, rt ovary, rt ureter

A

RLQ

83
Q 
sttomach
spleen
pancreas
left kidney
part of large intestine
A

LUQ

84
Q

left ovary,

left ureter

A

LLQ

85
Q

axillary -

A

on armpit

86
Q

brachial

A

on arm

87
Q

femoral -

A

on thigh

88
Q

gluteal -

A

on trunk

89
Q

patellar -

A

on knee

90
Q

popliteal -

A

behind the knee

91
Q

thoracic -

A

on the chest

92
Q

dorsal -

A

another name for posterior

93
Q

ventral -

A

another name for anterior

94
Q

anterior -

A

point to the front

95
Q

posterior -

A

point to the back

96
Q

lateral -

A

to the side

97
Q

medial -

A

to the middle

98
Q

distal

A

the fingers

99
Q

proximal -

A

to the shoulder

100
Q

the three responses that occur when your body is too warm are ….

A

hairs lie flat
sweat is produced
blood vessels widen

101
Q

the three responses that occur when your body is too cold are ….

A

blood vessels close, no sweat produced, hairs stand up

H Anatomy/physiology (22 decks)

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