seizures Flashcards
akinetic/atonic seizures
loss of muscle tone for less than 30 seconds
tonic clonic seizures
- most frequent
- Sensation that seizure is about to begin (aura) followed by LOC & rhythmic clonus contractions
- Lasts up to 5 minutes
- Incontinence common
- drowsy/sleepy for next 1-2 hrss
aura
sensation seizure is going to start
myoclonic seizures
contractions of single muscle/muscle groups
status epilepticus seizures
extended seizures in rapid succession
- prompt intervention needed for function/hydration
- life threatening, death rare
- erratic heart rhythm
when do status epilepticus seizures typically occur?
with tonic clonic seizures that are not well controlled
absence/petit mal seizure
- Brief lapse, loss of awareness along with absence of motor activity
- eye blinking, staring into space
- less than 15-30 seconds
- Mistaken for daydreaming
- No loss of muscle tone
- Child does not fall down, does not recall episode or any lapse in time
- Occur between 4 and 12 years
generalized seizures
akinetic/atonic, myoclonic, status epilepticus, absence/petit mal
partial seizures
complex partial/psychomotor, simple partial
complex partial/psychomotor seizures
- varied symptoms
- temporal lobe
- lip smacking, chewing, buttoning & unbuttoning
- confused, dazed, unable to respond to questions or directions
- alternating consciousness/unconsciousness
- visual/auditory sensations just before seizure
which seizure is similar to absence seizures
complex partial/psychomotor
simple partial seizure
- motor cortex
- result: clonic activity of face/extremities
- Sudden movement of single body part with no change in vitals
mixed seizures
generalized & partial
infantile spasms
west syndrome, infantile myoclonic seizures, jackknife epilepsy
- 6-24 months, begins 3-9 months
- slows/stops development, loss of skills
- head droop, arm flexion
- may occur 100s of times per day
- poor prognosis
- sometimes decreases over years, replaced with other seizure disorders
- may indicate tuberous sclerosis
tuberous sclerosis
rare genetic disease, benign tumors in brain and several areas of the body (spinal cord, nerves, eyes, lung, heart, kidneys, and skin)
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
- severe seizures, intellectual disability in children
- specific EEG pattern- due to brain disorders from structure issues to asphyxia
- different types of seizures during first 3 years of life, difficult to control
- can regress developmental status
Landau-Kleffner syndrome
acquired epileptic aphasia
- progressive encephalopathy
- loss of language skills
- auditory agnosia
- behavioral disturbances: inattention
unable to distinguish different sounds
auditory agnosia
simple febrile seizures
- due to fever
- last under 10 min
- LOC, involuntary, generalized jerking of grand mal seizure
- no damage, no epilepsy
epilepsy
seizure disorder
if client is having a seizure and is at risk of aspiration, what should be done?
turn client on their side
if it is the client’s first seizure, what should be done?
call client’s MD
when should you call for medical attention during a seizure?
- if its their first seizure
- if seizure is in water
- if they have another seizure
- if they do not regain consciousness within 5-10 min after seizure
- if it lasts more than 5 min
- if the client is diabetic or pregnant
