seizures

Question 1

akinetic/atonic seizures

Answer 1

loss of muscle tone for less than 30 seconds

Question 2

tonic clonic seizures

Answer 2

• most frequent
• Sensation that seizure is about to begin (aura) followed by LOC & rhythmic clonus contractions
• Lasts up to 5 minutes
• Incontinence common
• drowsy/sleepy for next 1-2 hrss

Question 3

aura

Answer 3

sensation seizure is going to start

Question 4

myoclonic seizures

Answer 4

contractions of single muscle/muscle groups

Question 5

status epilepticus seizures

Answer 5

extended seizures in rapid succession
- prompt intervention needed for function/hydration
- life threatening, death rare
- erratic heart rhythm

Question 6

when do status epilepticus seizures typically occur?

Answer 6

with tonic clonic seizures that are not well controlled

Question 7

absence/petit mal seizure

Answer 7

• Brief lapse, loss of awareness along with absence of motor activity
• eye blinking, staring into space
• less than 15-30 seconds
• Mistaken for daydreaming
• No loss of muscle tone
• Child does not fall down, does not recall episode or any lapse in time
• Occur between 4 and 12 years

Question 8

generalized seizures

Answer 8

akinetic/atonic, myoclonic, status epilepticus, absence/petit mal

Question 9

partial seizures

Answer 9

complex partial/psychomotor, simple partial

Question 10

complex partial/psychomotor seizures

Answer 10

• varied symptoms
• temporal lobe
• lip smacking, chewing, buttoning & unbuttoning
• confused, dazed, unable to respond to questions or directions
• alternating consciousness/unconsciousness
• visual/auditory sensations just before seizure

Question 11

which seizure is similar to absence seizures

Answer 11

complex partial/psychomotor

Question 12

simple partial seizure

Answer 12

• motor cortex
• result: clonic activity of face/extremities
• Sudden movement of single body part with no change in vitals

Question 13

mixed seizures

Answer 13

generalized & partial

Question 14

infantile spasms

Answer 14

west syndrome, infantile myoclonic seizures, jackknife epilepsy
- 6-24 months, begins 3-9 months
- slows/stops development, loss of skills
- head droop, arm flexion
- may occur 100s of times per day
- poor prognosis
- sometimes decreases over years, replaced with other seizure disorders
- may indicate tuberous sclerosis

Question 15

tuberous sclerosis

Answer 15

rare genetic disease, benign tumors in brain and several areas of the body (spinal cord, nerves, eyes, lung, heart, kidneys, and skin)

Question 16

Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

Answer 16

• severe seizures, intellectual disability in children
• specific EEG pattern- due to brain disorders from structure issues to asphyxia
• different types of seizures during first 3 years of life, difficult to control
• can regress developmental status

Question 17

Landau-Kleffner syndrome

Answer 17

acquired epileptic aphasia
- progressive encephalopathy
- loss of language skills
- auditory agnosia
- behavioral disturbances: inattention

Question 18

unable to distinguish different sounds

Answer 18

auditory agnosia

Question 19

simple febrile seizures

Answer 19

• due to fever
• last under 10 min
• LOC, involuntary, generalized jerking of grand mal seizure
• no damage, no epilepsy

Question 20

epilepsy

Answer 20

seizure disorder

Question 21

if client is having a seizure and is at risk of aspiration, what should be done?

Answer 21

turn client on their side

Question 22

if it is the client’s first seizure, what should be done?

Answer 22

call client’s MD

Question 23

when should you call for medical attention during a seizure?

Answer 23

• if its their first seizure
• if seizure is in water
• if they have another seizure
• if they do not regain consciousness within 5-10 min after seizure
• if it lasts more than 5 min
• if the client is diabetic or pregnant