General Peds Information

Question 1

How to calculate gestational age for a premature baby

Answer 1

Current amount of months from birth — # of months early

EX: baby born at 6 months (3 months early) & it is now 7 months from their birth (7-3 = 4 months corrected age)

OR

Subtract gestational age at birth from 40
(EX: 40 - 36 months (time born early) = 4 weeks)

Question 2

In-hand manipulation

Answer 2

Ability to move/position objects within one hand without using the other hand
EX: place 3 coins into child’s hand & ask him to place the coins into a piggy bank one at a time

Question 3

If student’s progress has plateaued then what should occur?

Answer 3

Discuss new interventions with special ed teacher to be implemented in the classroom to work towards goals

Question 4

If a student does not qualify for special education services through an IEP but has deficits, what can be done?

Answer 4

504 plan (rehabilitation act of 1973)

Question 5

By what age is it stated that an IEP must include documentation pertaining to the student’s transition from public school to post-secondary education/employment?

Answer 5

By 16 years for every state

Question 6

Occupational therapy in public schools cannot be provided unless

Answer 6

The child qualifies for special ed under IDEA 2004 or an accommodation plan under section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Question 7

If a student does not have an IEP or 504 in place and is demonstrating delays in certain areas, what has to happen?

Answer 7

The special ed director observes the student to determine if an OT special ed eval is needed. The director then contacts the parents, asking for permission to evaluate the student and will notify members of the special ed team who may need to evaluate the student

Question 8

Can IEP goals be changed in the middle of the school year?

Answer 8

No, but other goals can be worked on if they relate to the deficit areas of the IEP

Question 9

Which type of scissors are best to use when starting to work on cutting skills?

Answer 9

Loop scissors

Question 10

When teaching a child to self feed, where should the food be placed?

Answer 10

Right in front of the child

Question 11

Closed neural tube deficits

Answer 11

Type of spina bifida, incomplete paralysis/bowel & bladder issues

Question 12

Arthrogyposis

Answer 12

Have a lack of ROM, multiple joint contractures, muscle weakness

Question 13

Progression of AT for keyboarding if unable to use hands

Answer 13

Use least invasive device first (head pointer) —> switch

Question 14

If a child is transitioning from tube feeding to oral feeding, what should the OT start with?

Answer 14

Progressive desensitization techniques to get used to types/textures of foods before choosing a food type

Question 15

Do colleges have IEPs or special ed?

Answer 15

No, but they have disability services- they aren’t obligated to provide same supports as high school but have to follow section 504 & ADA

Question 16

In IEPs, what is the difference between a modification & an accommodation?

Answer 16

Modification = change from what is being taught/expected
Accommodation = change that helps student work around disability

Question 17

Kinesthesia approach to forming letters/numbers

Answer 17

Draw imaginary letters in the air, write letters on wall mounted chalkboard with chalk, write letters using weighted pencil

Question 18

If a child has a hearing impairment, how does the OT ensure that the child is understanding them?

Answer 18

Get child’s attention, make sure they are looking at you before giving them instructions

Question 19

Rolling prone to supine, supine to prone via segmental rollling occurs at

Answer 19

6m

Question 20

How to help a child with organization issues

Answer 20

Picture schedules, visual planners

Question 21

When do children scoop food with a spoon & bring it to their mouth?

Answer 21

15-18m

Question 22

Floor sitter

Answer 22

Child with CP can play on floor near their peers

Question 23

Motor planning activities

Answer 23

Line dancing, playing Simon says

Question 24

Where should a child with ADHD sit?

Answer 24

In front row, directly in front of where the teacher stands

Question 25

If a child is transgender & the parents support them, what should their gender be marked as on an assessment?

Answer 25

As what they identify as (not their birth gender)- but consider norms for a boy

Question 26

Which type of CP do eating deficits occur more?

Answer 26

Spastic quadriplegia

Question 27

What is important to start with in a child who has poor lip closure, tongue control, and no chewing patterns?

Answer 27

Provide external support for oral motor structures (jaw stability, cheeks)

Question 28

Spina bifida myelomeningocele

Answer 28

Sac on lumbar spine, lower body paralysis

Question 29

How often are students re-evaluated in the public school system?

Answer 29

Every three years for special ed

Question 30

Supine stander

Answer 30

Provide child with head/trunk control to control his eye gaze (make eye contact with his peers)

Question 31

CBIT

Answer 31

Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (for Tourette’s syndrome)

Question 32

Unique role of OT (that PT does not address)

Answer 32

Sleep hygiene