deficit terms to KNOW Flashcards
agraphia (a.k.a. dysgraphia)
unable to write
ideomotor apraxia
left hemisphere damage
- inability to perform gesturing and pantomime, on verbal command
ideational apraxia
- unable to sequence motor acts
- disruption of conception
- loss of tool function knowledge
constructional apraxia
Unable to produce designs in 2/3D by copying, drawing, or constructing
oral apraxia
- difficulty in forming and organizing intelligible
words, though the musculature required to do so is
intact
dysarthria
muscles of speech affected
- slurred speech
- neuromotor problem
agnosia
can’t process sensory info
(can be all the senses, body scheme issues, such as somatognosia and anosognosia)
somatognosia
unaware of body parts
anosognosia
unaware of their deficits
(presence or severity)
prosopagnosia
face blindness
visual-spatial agnosia
Affects perception of spatial relationship between objects, or between objects and self
auditory agnosia
can’t recognize sounds, words and
non-words
visual agnosia
can’t recognize common objects and
demonstrate their use
apraxia
can’t carry out skilled/familiar movements despite wanting to
ataxia
no coordination during movements
(clumsiness, inaccuracy, or instability)
bradykinesia
slow movements
choreoathetosis
fluctuating between of chorea (quick) & athetosis (slow) movements
athetosis
slow movements
dystonia
sustained muscle contractions
(twisting & repetitive movements or abnormal postures or positions)
adiadochokinesis
can’t perform rapid alternating
movements
(pronation/supination)
dysmetria
unable to estimate ROM necessary to meet the target
- Evident when the individual tries to touch the nose
ballism
constant contractions of muscles
chorea
jerky/quick, purposeless movements
anesthesia
no sensation
alexia/dyslexia
can’t read
acalculia
can’t do math
catharsis
relief from strong repressed emotions (punching pillow to relieve anger)
pretention
trying to get recognition for something that you don’t have
ideation
forming ideas
tinnitus
ear ringing
confabulation
making up information unintentionally (memory issue)
neologism
new words
sequelae
condition is consequence of a previous disease/injury (secondary disease)
hemiballismus
intermittent, sudden, violent, involuntary, flinging
hypertrophy
muscle increase
dysphonia
abnormal voice
proprioception
position of the body in space
disinhibition
no socially acceptable behaviors
transitive gestures
involve specific hand-object actions such as tool-use
- tool-based (e.g. hammering in a nail)
- shaped by the nature of the object and any knowledge regarding its functions/ potential uses
intransitive gestures
communicative in nature
illustrators
most common type of gesture
- illustrate the verbal message they accompany
adaptors
touching behaviors and movements that indicate internal states typically related to anxiety (click pen, shake leg, clearing throat, fiddling with cellphone)
conceptual apraxia
difficulty in selecting adequate tool for that action
limb-kinetic apraxia
inability to make fine, precise movements with an arm or leg
functional movement disorder
condition which may resemble any of the movement disorders but is not due to neurological disease
constructional disorder
failing at tasks that require the manipulation of objects in space (spatial part of task is the problem)
atonicity
lack of normal tone
