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Pharm I > Sedatives and Tranquilizers > Flashcards

Sedatives and Tranquilizers Flashcards

1
Q

Acepromazine MOA

A

D2 antagonist
a1 antagonist

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2
Q

Acepromazine Therapeutic Use

A

antipsychotic
tranquilizer
sedative (good choice for patients with mild/mod CV dx)

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3
Q

Acepromazine Adverse Effects

A

caution in boxers and brachiocephalic dogs

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4
Q

Is Acepromazine approved for used in food animals?

A

NO

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5
Q

Promazine MOA

A

D2 antagonist

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6
Q

Promazine Therapeutic Uses

A

antipsychotic
tranquilizer
sedative

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7
Q

Chlorpromazine MOA

A

D2 antagonism in the CTZ in medulla

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8
Q

Chlorpromazine Therapeutic Uses

A

antiemetic in small animals

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9
Q

Chlorpromazine Adverse Effects

A

not recommended in horses - serve ataxia and altered mentation

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10
Q

Azaperone MOA

A

D2 anatagonist
D2 antagonist
5-GT antagonist
a1 antagonist
H1 antagonist

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11
Q

Azaperone Therapeutic Uses

A

sedative for wildlife/zoo/exotic
anti-anxiety - swine
anesthetic adjunct

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12
Q

Azaperone Adverse Effects

A

extrapyramidal signs
dysphoria
paraphimosis

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13
Q

Diazepam MOA

A

GABA-A agonist

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14
Q

Diazepam Therapeutic Uses

A

anticonvulsant
appetite stimulant in cats
induction agent

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15
Q

Diazepam Adverse Effects

A

pain on administration
hepatic necrosis - cats

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16
Q

Midazolam MOA

A

GABA-A agonist

17
Q

Midazolam Therapeutic Uses

A

induction of anesthesia

18
Q

Midazolam Adverse Effects

A

may not produce sedation in horses

19
Q

Is Midazolam approved for use in food procuding animals?

A

NO

20
Q

Lorazepam MOA

A

GABA-A agonist

21
Q

Lorazepam Therapeutic Uses

A

epilepsy

22
Q

Lorazepam Adverse Effects

A

pain on injection

23
Q

Zolazepam MOA

A

GABA-A agonist

24
Q

Zolazepam Therapeutic Uses

A

muscle relaxant
anesthesia
combined with tiletamine

25
Q

Flumazenil MOA

A

benzodiazapine antagonist
blocks bzd binding to GABA-A

26
Q

Flumazenil Therapeutic Uses

A

reverse effects of bzd

27
Q

Flumazenil Adverse Effects

A

chronic bzd use - can cause seizures
extravasation - tissue inflammation + necrosis

28
Q

Flumazenil Metabolism

A

metabolized in liver
excreted in urine

29
Q

examples of sedative a2 agonist oral gels

A

Sileo - Dexmedetomidine gel (k9)
Dormosedan gel - horses

30
Q

a2 agonist Therapeutic Uses

A

sedation
muscle relaxation
analgesia
anti-hypertensive

31
Q

Dexmedotomidine Gel Therapeutic Use

A

noise anxiety in dogs, peak onset 30-45 min

32
Q

a2 Agonist Adverse Effects (as a sedative)

A

dogs: muscle twitching
horses: head-bobbing and facial twitching
diuresis
emetic in cats
reflex bradycardia
hyperglycemia (horses and cows)

33
Q

a2 agonist Contraindications

A

do not use in diabetic patients, patients with compromised cardiac functions, or excited animals

34
Q

Exampls of a2 agonists

A

xylazine
detomidine
romidine
medetomidine
dexmedetomidine

35
Q

a2 antagonists Therapeutic Uses

A

reverse sedation

36
Q

Examples of a2 antagonists

A

tolazoline
yohimbine
atipamezole

37
Q

a2 antagonist Adverse Effects

A

sudden death - cardiovascular collapse
seizures

Pharm I (15 decks)

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