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Pharm I > Pain Medications > Flashcards

Pain Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Morphine MOA

A

mu receptor agonist

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2
Q

Morphine Duration of Action

A

1-4 hours

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3
Q

Morphine Therapeutic Use

A

perferred for epidural administration
severe acute pain in dogs, cats and horses

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4
Q

Morphine Adverse Effects

A

dogs: panting, high doses can cause convulsions/excitement
cats: excitation at high doses
horses: safe, excitement, increased locomotor activity DO NOT use 7 days prior to race
pigs: excitement

NOTE wide margin of safety

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5
Q

Hydromorphone MOA

A

mu receptor agonist

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6
Q

Hydromorphone Duration of Action

A

2-4 hours

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7
Q

Hydromorphone Adverse Effects

A

dogs: emesis, panting, dysphoria
cats: hyperthermia

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8
Q

Hydromorphone potency compared to morphine

A

7x more potent than morphine

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9
Q

Hydrocodone MOA

A

mu agonist

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10
Q

Hydrocodone Therapeutic Use

A

mild - mod pain
antitussive (good oral bioavailability)

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11
Q

Common combination of hydrocodone

A

hydrocodone + acetaminophen

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12
Q

Hydrocodone potency compared to morphine

A

6x more potent

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13
Q

Codeine MOA

A

mu agonist

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14
Q

Codeine Therapeutic Use

A

mild - mod pain
antitussive

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15
Q

Codeine potency compared to morphine

A

similar to morphine

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16
Q

Methadone MOA

A

NMDA antagonist
inhibits reuptake of neurotransmitters

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17
Q

Methadone Therapeutic Use

A

uncontrollable pain in horses
minor procedures in horses
anesthetic premed in small animals

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18
Q

Benefits of using Methadone in horses

A

sedation but animal does not become recumbent

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19
Q

Fentanyl MOA

A

mu agonist

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20
Q

Fentanyl Onset of Action

A

rapid

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21
Q

Fentanyl potency compared to morphine

A

100x more potent than morphine

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22
Q

Fentanyl Therapeutic Use

A

transdermal solution for dogs: analgesia for 96 hours
chronic pain after sx

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23
Q

Fentanyl Adverse Effects

A

respiratory despression

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24
Q

Remifentanil MOA

A

mu agonist

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25
Reminfentanil Therapeutic Use
indution of anesthesia
26
Remifentanil Metabolism
metabolized tissue and plasma esterase - rapid clearance (half-life 3-6 min) safe for heaptic or kidney disease patients
27
Carfentail and Etorphine MOA
mu agonists
28
Carfentanil and Etrophine Therapeutic Use
used for zoo and wildlife animals
29
Burprenorphine MOA
partial mu agonist kappa antagonist
30
Buprenorphine Duration of Action
6-12 hours slow onset
31
Buprenorphine Therapeutic Use
analgesia
32
Buprenorphine Adverse Effects
respiratory depression requires a high dose of naloxone to reverse these effects
33
Buprenorphine potency compared to morphine
25x more potent than morphine
34
Simbadol (buprenorphine) MOA
mu agonist
35
Simbadol Therapeutic Use
approved for use in cats 24 hour analgesia
36
Butorphanol MOA
kappa agonist mu antagonist
37
Butorphanol Duration of Action
30-90 min
38
Butorphanol Therapeutic Use
short acting analgesia in horses maintain analgesia CRI
39
Butorphanol Adverse Effects
mild sedation
40
Nalbuphine MOA
kappa agonist mu anatgonist
41
Nalbuphine Therapeutic Use
mild - mod pain reverse respiratory depression caused by mu agonists
42
Pentazocine MOA
kappa agonist mu partial agonist
43
Pentazocine Therapeutic Use
less sedation horses: colic pain dogs: post-op pain
44
Naloxone MOA
GABA antagonist mu antagonist
45
Naloxone Therapeutic Use
administered every 2-3 min to reverse respiratory depression in emergency conditions caused by opioids
46
Naltrexone MOA
competitve antagonist for all opoid receptors
47
Naltrexone Therapeutic Use
reversal agent for carfentanil overdose - long acting
48
Nalmefene MOA
mu antagonist
49
Nalmefene Therapeutic Use
reversal of fentanyl induced respiratory depression
50
Tramadol MOA
complex muscarinic antagonist
51
Tramadol Therapeutic Use
pain reflief
52
Acetaminophen MOA
COX inhibitor
53
Acetaminophen Duration of Action
dogs: 8-12 hours horses: 12 hours
54
Acetaminophen Therapeutic Use
central analgesic drug
55
Acetaminophen Adverse Effects
hepatic damage methemoglobinemia in cats
56
How to treat acetaminophen induced methemoglobinemia in cats
treat with N-acetylcystine, blood transfusion and supportive care
57
Gabapentin MOA
a2-delta subunit of voltage gated Ca2+ channels on neurons calcium channel blockers
58
Gabapentin Therapeutic Uses
controlling seizures OA pain in cats neuropathic pain laminitis in horses
59
Gabapentin Adverse Effects
sedations
60
Amantadine MOA
NMDA aantagonist
61
Amatandine Duration of Action
12-24 hours
62
Amantadine Therapeutic Effects
analgesia in dogs combined with NSAIDs antiviral
63
Monoclonal Antibodies doe Anglesia =
anti-nerve growth factor
64
mAb for Analgesia used in dogs
Ranevetmab
65
mAb for analgesia used in cats
Frunevetmab
66
mAb for Analgesia Adverse Effects
degradation products can be immunogenic
67
Resiniferatoxin MOA
irreversible nueronal cell death activate transient vanilloid receptor - Ca2+ influx after binding
68
Resiniferatoxin Therapeutic Use
bone cancer in dogs

Pharm I (15 decks)

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