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Pharm I > Pain Medications > Flashcards

Pain Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Morphine MOA

A

mu receptor agonist

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2
Q

Morphine Duration of Action

A

1-4 hours

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3
Q

Morphine Therapeutic Use

A

perferred for epidural administration
severe acute pain in dogs, cats and horses

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4
Q

Morphine Adverse Effects

A

dogs: panting, high doses can cause convulsions/excitement
cats: excitation at high doses
horses: safe, excitement, increased locomotor activity DO NOT use 7 days prior to race
pigs: excitement

NOTE wide margin of safety

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5
Q

Hydromorphone MOA

A

mu receptor agonist

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6
Q

Hydromorphone Duration of Action

A

2-4 hours

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7
Q

Hydromorphone Adverse Effects

A

dogs: emesis, panting, dysphoria
cats: hyperthermia

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8
Q

Hydromorphone potency compared to morphine

A

7x more potent than morphine

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9
Q

Hydrocodone MOA

A

mu agonist

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10
Q

Hydrocodone Therapeutic Use

A

mild - mod pain
antitussive (good oral bioavailability)

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11
Q

Common combination of hydrocodone

A

hydrocodone + acetaminophen

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12
Q

Hydrocodone potency compared to morphine

A

6x more potent

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13
Q

Codeine MOA

A

mu agonist

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14
Q

Codeine Therapeutic Use

A

mild - mod pain
antitussive

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15
Q

Codeine potency compared to morphine

A

similar to morphine

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16
Q

Methadone MOA

A

NMDA antagonist
inhibits reuptake of neurotransmitters

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17
Q

Methadone Therapeutic Use

A

uncontrollable pain in horses
minor procedures in horses
anesthetic premed in small animals

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18
Q

Benefits of using Methadone in horses

A

sedation but animal does not become recumbent

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19
Q

Fentanyl MOA

A

mu agonist

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20
Q

Fentanyl Onset of Action

A

rapid

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21
Q

Fentanyl potency compared to morphine

A

100x more potent than morphine

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22
Q

Fentanyl Therapeutic Use

A

transdermal solution for dogs: analgesia for 96 hours
chronic pain after sx

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23
Q

Fentanyl Adverse Effects

A

respiratory despression

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24
Q

Remifentanil MOA

A

mu agonist

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25
Q

Reminfentanil Therapeutic Use

A

indution of anesthesia

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26
Q

Remifentanil Metabolism

A

metabolized tissue and plasma esterase - rapid clearance (half-life 3-6 min)
safe for heaptic or kidney disease patients

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27
Q

Carfentail and Etorphine MOA

A

mu agonists

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28
Q

Carfentanil and Etrophine Therapeutic Use

A

used for zoo and wildlife animals

29
Q

Burprenorphine MOA

A

partial mu agonist
kappa antagonist

30
Q

Buprenorphine Duration of Action

A

6-12 hours
slow onset

31
Q

Buprenorphine Therapeutic Use

A

analgesia

32
Q

Buprenorphine Adverse Effects

A

respiratory depression
requires a high dose of naloxone to reverse these effects

33
Q

Buprenorphine potency compared to morphine

A

25x more potent than morphine

34
Q

Simbadol (buprenorphine) MOA

A

mu agonist

35
Q

Simbadol Therapeutic Use

A

approved for use in cats
24 hour analgesia

36
Q

Butorphanol MOA

A

kappa agonist
mu antagonist

37
Q

Butorphanol Duration of Action

A

30-90 min

38
Q

Butorphanol Therapeutic Use

A

short acting analgesia in horses
maintain analgesia CRI

39
Q

Butorphanol Adverse Effects

A

mild sedation

40
Q

Nalbuphine MOA

A

kappa agonist
mu anatgonist

41
Q

Nalbuphine Therapeutic Use

A

mild - mod pain
reverse respiratory depression caused by mu agonists

42
Q

Pentazocine MOA

A

kappa agonist
mu partial agonist

43
Q

Pentazocine Therapeutic Use

A

less sedation
horses: colic pain
dogs: post-op pain

44
Q

Naloxone MOA

A

GABA antagonist
mu antagonist

45
Q

Naloxone Therapeutic Use

A

administered every 2-3 min to reverse respiratory depression in emergency conditions caused by opioids

46
Q

Naltrexone MOA

A

competitve antagonist for all opoid receptors

47
Q

Naltrexone Therapeutic Use

A

reversal agent for carfentanil overdose - long acting

48
Q

Nalmefene MOA

A

mu antagonist

49
Q

Nalmefene Therapeutic Use

A

reversal of fentanyl induced respiratory depression

50
Q

Tramadol MOA

A

complex muscarinic antagonist

51
Q

Tramadol Therapeutic Use

A

pain reflief

52
Q

Acetaminophen MOA

A

COX inhibitor

53
Q

Acetaminophen Duration of Action

A

dogs: 8-12 hours
horses: 12 hours

54
Q

Acetaminophen Therapeutic Use

A

central analgesic drug

55
Q

Acetaminophen Adverse Effects

A

hepatic damage
methemoglobinemia in cats

56
Q

How to treat acetaminophen induced methemoglobinemia in cats

A

treat with N-acetylcystine, blood transfusion and supportive care

57
Q

Gabapentin MOA

A

a2-delta subunit of voltage gated Ca2+ channels on neurons
calcium channel blockers

58
Q

Gabapentin Therapeutic Uses

A

controlling seizures
OA pain in cats
neuropathic pain
laminitis in horses

59
Q

Gabapentin Adverse Effects

A

sedations

60
Q

Amantadine MOA

A

NMDA aantagonist

61
Q

Amatandine Duration of Action

A

12-24 hours

62
Q

Amantadine Therapeutic Effects

A

analgesia in dogs
combined with NSAIDs
antiviral

63
Q

Monoclonal Antibodies doe Anglesia =

A

anti-nerve growth factor

64
Q

mAb for Analgesia used in dogs

A

Ranevetmab

65
Q

mAb for analgesia used in cats

A

Frunevetmab

66
Q

mAb for Analgesia Adverse Effects

A

degradation products can be immunogenic

67
Q

Resiniferatoxin MOA

A

irreversible nueronal cell death
activate transient vanilloid receptor - Ca2+ influx after binding

68
Q

Resiniferatoxin Therapeutic Use

A

bone cancer in dogs

Pharm I (15 decks)

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