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Pharm I > Local Anesthetics > Flashcards

Local Anesthetics Flashcards

1
Q

Procaine onset of action

A

slow

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2
Q

Procaine duration of action

A

45-60 min

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3
Q

Procaine therapeutic use

A

used in conjunction with penicillin G to slow it’s release into systemic circulation

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4
Q

Procaine adverse effects

A

PABA - allergic reaction

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5
Q

Procaine lipid solubility

A

lowe

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6
Q

Procaine metabolite

A

PABA

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7
Q

Procaine linkage type

A

amino-ester linkage

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8
Q

Benzocaine linkage type

A

amino-ester linkage

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9
Q

Benzocaine solubility

A

very low solubility

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10
Q

Benzocaine therapeutic use

A

fish anesthesia
throat pain

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11
Q

Lidocaine linkage type

A

amide-linkage

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12
Q

Lidocaine onset of action

A

2-5 min
fast

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13
Q

Lidocaine duration of action

A

60-120 min

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14
Q

Lidocaine Therapeutic Use

A

local anesthetic
nerve block
IVRA
spinal anesthesia
endotracheal intubation
emergency anti-arrhythmic drug in dogs

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15
Q

Lidocaine adverse effects

A

high concentrations = CNS toxicity

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16
Q

Mepivacaine onset of action

A

rapid

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17
Q

Mepivacaine duration of action

18
Q

Mepivacaine therapeutic use

A

equine limb blocks

19
Q

Mepivacaine benefits

A

less post injection edema

20
Q

Mepivacaine linkage type

A

amide-linkage

21
Q

Bupivacaine onset of action

A

20-30 min
slow

22
Q

Bupivacaine linkage type

A

amide-linkage

23
Q

Bupivacaine duration of action

24
Q

Bupivacaine therapeutic use

A

infiltration
nerve blocl
intra-pleural anesthesia
spinal anesthesia
dental blocks

25
Q

Dental Block drug combination

A

lidocaine + bupivacaine
1:4 ratio

26
Q

Bupivacaine Adverse Effects

A

CVS toxicity
dysrhythmia

27
Q

Intralipid therapeutic use

A

treat CVS toxicity caused by bupivacaine

28
Q

Ropivacaine linkage type

A

amide-linkage

29
Q

Ropivacaine onset of action

30
Q

Ropivacaine duration of action

31
Q

Ropivacaine therapeutic use

A

Spinal anesthesia - diaphasic effect

32
Q

EMLA therapeutic use

A

human use - derm, analgesia

33
Q

EMLA components

A

mizture of lidocaine and prilocaine

34
Q

What type of linkages do ophthalmic local anesthetics have?

A

amino-ester linkages

35
Q

Proparacaine onset of action

36
Q

Proparacaine duration of action

A

45 min dogs
15 min cats

37
Q

Tetracaine potency

A

more potent than proparacaine - lower dose, longer duration of action

38
Q

Ophthalmic Local Anesthetics Therapeutic Uses

A

tonometry
conreal exam
biopsy
foreign body removal and suturing

39
Q

Additional use of Tetracaine

A

used at lower doses for spinal anesthesia

40
Q

MOA for all local anesthetics

A

block the propagation of AP by inhibiting the influx of Na+ through Navs

Pharm I (15 decks)

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