Histamine and Serotonin

Question 1

Histamine phosphate MOA

Answer 1

histamine agonist

Question 2

Histamine phosphate therapeutic uses

Answer 2

test agent for achlorhydria
mediate hydrochloric acid secretion

Question 3

Betazole MOA

Answer 3

H2 receptor agonist

Question 4

Betazole therapeutic uses

Answer 4

increases gastric acid secretion

Question 5

Betazole adverse effects

Answer 5

negative test = atrophic gastritis

Question 6

First and second generation antihistamines MOA

Answer 6

H1 antagonist

Question 7

Antihistamines therapeutic uses

Answer 7

allergy/anaphylaxis
atopic dermatitis
respiratory disorders
horses: pregnancy laminitis, myoglobinuria/azoturia, periodic opthalmia
bovines: bloat, acetonemia, mastitis, metritis, retained placenta, pregnancy toxemia
pigs: gut edema

Question 8

Antihistamines adverse effects

Answer 8

polyphagia
intestinal disorders
drug tolerance

Question 9

First generation antihistamine adverse effects

Answer 9

CNS depression
antimuscarinic effects

Question 10

Cyproheptadine adverse effects

Answer 10

polyphagia and sedation in cats

Question 11

Cromolyn sodium MOA

Answer 11

histamine release inhibitor
opens Cl- channels – hyperpolarizes cell membrane of mast cells

Question 12

Cromolyn sodium therapeutic uses

Answer 12

nasal allergies in horses (nebuloxation)
allergic conjunctivitis

Question 13

When is cromolyn sodium used?

Answer 13

prophylactic

Question 14

Examples of SSRIs

Answer 14

citalopram
setraline
fluoxetine
paroxetine
fluvoxamine
venlafaxine

Question 15

SSRI MOA

Answer 15

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Question 16

SSRI therapeutic use

Answer 16

treating depression and other behavioral disorders in small animals

Question 17

Ergot alkaloids MOA

Answer 17

5-HT2 receptor agonist

Question 18

Ergot alkaloids therapeutic use

Answer 18

ergonovine/ergometrine: control postpartum hemorrhage, uterine involution
stimulates smooth muscle contraction

Question 19

Buspirone MOA

Answer 19

5-HT1 agonist

Question 20

Buspirone therapeutic use

Answer 20

antianxiety

Question 21

Cisapride MOA

Answer 21

5-HT4 agonist
GI prokinetic agent: increase ACh release and GI motility

Question 22

Ciapride therapeutic use

Answer 22

gastric stasis
reflux esophagitis
constipation associated with megacolon in cats

Question 23

Ciapride adverse effects

Answer 23

diarrhea
colic

Question 24

Metoclopramide MOA

Answer 24

5-HT4 agonist
D2 antagonist

Question 25

Metoclopramide therapeutic uses

Answer 25

gastric stasis
reflex esophagitis
antiemetic

Question 26

Metoclopramide adverse effect

Answer 26

changes in mood/behavior
diarrhea

Question 27

Cyproheptadine MOA

Answer 27

5-HT4 agonist
H1 antihistamine

Question 28

Cyproheptadine therapeutic use

Answer 28

appetite stimulant - cats
feline bronchial asthma/pruitis
photic head shaking - horses

Question 29

Cyproheptadine adverse effects

Answer 29

sedation
antimuscaric activity
anorexia
lethary
polyphagia - at higher doses

Question 30

Ketanserin MOA

Answer 30

5-HT2 antagonist
alpha adrenergic antagonist
H1 antihistamine

Question 31

Ketanserin therapeutic uses

Answer 31

ergovaline induced vasoconstriction
prevent hypergranulation
prevent infection of equine lower limb wounds

Question 32

Methysergide MOA

Answer 32

5-HT2 antagonist

Question 33

Methysergide therapeutic use

Answer 33

mirgraines in humans
carinoid syndrome to increase GI motility

Question 34

Ondansetron/Granisetron MOA

Answer 34

5-HT3 antagonist

Question 35

Ondansetron/Granisetron therapeutic use

Answer 35

antimetic