Sedative Hypnotic Drugs (M2) Flashcards
What are the main actions of sedative-hypnotic drugs?
- sedation
- relief of anxiety (anxiolytic)
- Sleep (hypnosis)
What is the term for the “relief of anxiety”?
anxiolytic
What are equivalent barbiturates that are rarely used?
- glutethimide
2. meprobamate
What are the over the counter antihistaminic sleep aids?
- diphenhydramine
2. doxylamine
What is there a loss of that leads to narcolepsy?
orexin peptides in hypothalamic neurons
When should sedative-hypnotic drugs not be used?
with inhibitors of P450 and liver dysfunction
What kind of sleep pattern increases with hypnotic drugs?
NREM sleep (not as good as REM)
What are the lipid soluble barbiturates that penetrate the brain and cause anesthesia?
- Thiopental
2. Methohexital
Which of the sedative-hypnotic drug groups has a minimal tolerance?
Z-drugs
What are the three types of anxiety?
- secondary to systemic disease
- situational anxiety
- pyschological
What are the types antidepressants used to treat anxiety states?
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
2. Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
What do you not take anxiety medications with?
other anti-anxiety meds (no combos)
What age group is more sensitive to sedative-hypnotic drugs?
elderly
On the scale from A-D and X, which letter corresponds to positive evidence of human fetal risk with the use of a medication?
D and X