Immunopharmacology (F) Flashcards
When are agents that suppress the immune system used?
- preventing rejection of organ or tissue grafts
- treat diseases with dysregulation of immune response
- Treat diseases like AIDS, cancer, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases
- infections and cardiovascular diseases
What is the first line of defense against invading pathogens? 1. What are the mechanical components? 2. What are the biochemical components? 3. What are the cellular components? 4
- innate immune system
- skin, epidermis, mucus
- antimicrobial peptides, complement, lysozyme, interferons, acidic pH, free radicals, cytokines, chemokines
- neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages
For the innate immune system, what is used to recognize pathogens on the immune cell? 1. What is used on the pathogen? 2
- PRRs
2. PAMPs
What do NK cells and T-cells release to activate macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils?
- interferon gamma
2. interleukin-17
What do tumor cells and virus-infected cells downregulate to help avoid the innate immune system?
MHC I expression
What is the immune system that responds to a previously encountered antigen with a vigorous response?
adaptive immune system
What are the main components of the adaptive immune system (what kind of immunity is each)?
- antibodies (humoral immunity)
2. activation of T-lymphocytes (cell-mediated immunity)
What are the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the adaptive immune system? 1. What do they do?2
- dendritic cells, macrophages, B lymphocytes
2. phagocytize antigens and load peptides onto MHC I and MHC II
What type of cells recognize MHC I peptide complexes? 1 What type recognizes MHC II? 2
- CD8 T-cells
2. CD4 T-cells
What provides negative feedback and displaces CD28 to suppress T-cell activation?
CTLA-4
What do TH1 cells produce? 1. What cells do they induce? 2
- IFN-gamma, TNF-beta, IL-2, IL-12
2. macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, NK cells
What do TH2 cells produce? 1. What cells do they induce? 2
- IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10
2. B-cell proliferation and differentiation
What does the subset of CD4 T cels that prevent autoimmunity and allergy secrete?
IL-17
What does the T cell secrete to stimulate Bcell proliferation?
IL-4 and IL-5
What type of antibody do B-cells mostly produce?
IgM