Chemotherapeutic Drugs Intro (M3) Flashcards
What types of drugs does antimicrobials include?
- antibacterial
- antifungal
- antiviral
What are the two stages that chlamydia can exist?
- infectious particles called elementary bodies
2. intracytoplasmic, reproductive forms called reticulate bodies
What are the diseases that are associated with chlamydia?
- trachoma
- inclusion conjunctivitis
- genital infections
- respiratory infections
What is the obligate intracellular gram negative bacteria found in ticks, lice,fleas, mites, chiggers, and mammals?
rickettsia
What are the diseases associated with rickettsia?
- rocky mountain spotted fever
2. epidemic and murine typhus
Where do mycoplasmas affect the human body? 1. Are they capable of reproduction and colonization? 2. What are they resistant to? 3
- respiratory and urogenital tracts
- yes
- penicillin
What are the diseases associated with mycoplasmas?
- Mycoplasma pneumonia
2. urethritis
What is unique about fungi cell structure? 1. Where is their DNA contained? 2
- internal membrane system dividing cell into regions
2. cell wall
What are the two types of fungi?
- molds
2. yeasts
What type of fungi are single cells? 1. How does this type reproduce? 2
- yeasts
2. budding
What type of fungi are hyphae (branching tubules)? 1. How does this type reproduce/grow? 2
- molds
2. branching
What are the two types of protozoa? 1. What disease is associated with them? 2
- trophozoites and cysts
2. acanthamoeba corneal infections
What are the different classifications given to antibiotic drugs?
- spectrum
- cidal or static
- deep or shallow
- resistance
- mechanism of action
What are types of broad spectrum antibiotics?
- chloramphenicol
2. tetracyclines
What are types of moderate spectrum antibiotics?
- sulfonamides
2. aminoglycosides
What are types of medium and moderate spectrum antibiotics?
- penicillins
2. cephalosporins
What are types of narrow spectrum antibiotics?
- macrolides
2. polypetides
What is the antifungal used for superficial infections?
Griseofulvin
What is the antifungal used for systemic infections?
polyenes (amphotericin)
What are the antibiotics that affect bacterial cell wall synthesis?
- Beta lactams
- bacitracin
- vancomycin
- cycloserine
What are the antibiotics that affect bacterial cell membrane permeability?
polypeptides
What are the antibiotics that affect bacterial protein synthesis?
- tetracycline
- chloramphenicol
- macrolides
- linomycin
- aminoglycosides
What are the antibiotics that affect intermediary (folate) metabolism?
- sulfonamides
2. fluoroquinolones (DNA synthesis)
What are the antifungals that bind to cell membranes?
polyenes: amphotericin
