SDF p2 Flashcards
What are 4 types of tablets
• oral
• buccal
• sublingual
• orally disintegrating
Which tablet is designed to be placed at the cheek mucous or between the lips and gums?
Buccal
Which tablet is designed to be dissolved in the tongue
Orally disintegrant
Which tablet is designed to be swallowed
Oral
Which tablet is designed for slow release, thus benifical for long acting drugs
Buccal
Which tablet would be best in dysphagia?
Orally disintegrated
In which tablets should API be soluble, and excipient should not have sharp/bitter taste
• buccal
• sublingual
• orally disintegrated
Which tablet has local action
Buccal
Which avoids gut degradation and liver metabolism
Buccal and sublingual
Which tablet is orally absorbed and must be stable in dosage form
Oral
Which tablets are soft and do not need disintergrants
Buccal and sublingual
Which tablet needs a mucoadhesive component?
Buccal
Which tablet dissolved and disintegrates in the mouth 60s or less
Orally disintegrated
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What are the 4 type of “release” tablets
• immediate release
• sustained released
• controlled release
• delayed release
In which release is drug release is in a predetermined pattern over a fixed period of time, this with a zero order kinetics
Controlled release
In what release is the drug released as soon as it comes into contact with fluid
Immediate release
In which release does the release of of the drug takes place in the GI and the active ingredient is slowly being released over time, thus reducing frequency of doses
Sustained released
Which release is first order kenetics ?
Sustained release
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Coatings are only used in swallowable tablets. What are they used for?
• palatability
• reduce unpleasant taste
• visually appealing
• stability of API
• controls release properties
What is plasticiers migration
Migration of material from the core of the tablet to the film coating
Sugar coating - pros and cons
Pros
• cheap
• good in high humidity climates - has a moisture barrier
• softer than film coated
Cons
• cracking
• drying between layers
What is a penetration enhancer
Overcomes barriers of the stratum cornea
Ideal penetration enhancers must be:
• oderless
• colourless
• chemically inactive
• physically/chemically stable
• action must be reversible
• non allergic or toxic
Which physiochemical factors of API affect transdermal deliver
Molecular weight
• under 500 Da
Potency
•IV < 20mg/day
Concentration
•higher conc, higher absorption rate
Solubility through stratum cornea
• hydrophilic- use intercellular route
• lipophillic - use transcellular route
Partition coefficient
• ionised - pass in small amounts
• un- ionised pass in large amounts
Factors affecting transdermal deliver - excipients
Penetration enhancers
• destruct lipid layer
• enhance skin permiation
Factors affecting transdermal deliver - patient/skin
•Hydration
the more hydration the better permeation
Disease state
• damaged skin increases permeation
API binding to skin
API metabolising in skin
Ethnicity
• Africans skin structure lowers permeation
Gender
• men have more pores and subasouse fillaments
transdermal delivery VS oral - advantages and disadvantages
Advantages
• no first pass metabolism
• large surface area
• easily accessible to the skin
• non-invade
• less frequent dosing
Disadvantages
• stratum cornea is selective - only small and lipophilic agents pass easily
• not all drugs can be delivered in this way
• penetration enhancers needed
• API needs to potent in small doses
Which drugs can be in transdermal patches?
• nicotine
• hormones
• fentanyl
• hyoscine
Suppositories base/vehical desirable properties?
• melt at body temperature
• compatible with a range of drugs
• physically/chemically stable
• pharmacologically inactive
• non-irritating
Factors affect suppositories bioavailability
• shape
• size
• melting point
• how kind it has been in the cavity for
