SDF p2

Question 1

What are 4 types of tablets

Answer 1

• oral
• buccal
• sublingual
• orally disintegrating

Question 2

Which tablet is designed to be placed at the cheek mucous or between the lips and gums?

Answer 2

Buccal

Question 3

Which tablet is designed to be dissolved in the tongue

Answer 3

Orally disintegrant

Question 4

Which tablet is designed to be swallowed

Answer 4

Oral

Question 5

Which tablet is designed for slow release, thus benifical for long acting drugs

Answer 5

Buccal

Question 6

Which tablet would be best in dysphagia?

Answer 6

Orally disintegrated

Question 7

In which tablets should API be soluble, and excipient should not have sharp/bitter taste

Answer 7

• buccal
• sublingual
• orally disintegrated

Question 8

Which tablet has local action

Answer 8

Buccal

Question 9

Which avoids gut degradation and liver metabolism

Answer 9

Buccal and sublingual

Question 10

Which tablet is orally absorbed and must be stable in dosage form

Answer 10

Oral

Question 11

Which tablets are soft and do not need disintergrants

Answer 11

Buccal and sublingual

Question 12

Which tablet needs a mucoadhesive component?

Answer 12

Buccal

Question 13

Which tablet dissolved and disintegrates in the mouth 60s or less

Answer 13

Orally disintegrated

Question 14

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Question 15

What are the 4 type of “release” tablets

Answer 15

• immediate release
• sustained released
• controlled release
• delayed release

Question 16

In which release is drug release is in a predetermined pattern over a fixed period of time, this with a zero order kinetics

Answer 16

Controlled release

Question 17

In what release is the drug released as soon as it comes into contact with fluid

Answer 17

Immediate release

Question 18

In which release does the release of of the drug takes place in the GI and the active ingredient is slowly being released over time, thus reducing frequency of doses

Answer 18

Sustained released

Question 19

Which release is first order kenetics ?

Answer 19

Sustained release

Question 20

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Question 21

Coatings are only used in swallowable tablets. What are they used for?

Answer 21

• palatability
• reduce unpleasant taste
• visually appealing
• stability of API
• controls release properties

Question 22

What is plasticiers migration

Answer 22

Migration of material from the core of the tablet to the film coating

Question 23

Sugar coating - pros and cons

Answer 23

Pros
• cheap
• good in high humidity climates - has a moisture barrier
• softer than film coated

Cons
• cracking
• drying between layers

Question 24

What is a penetration enhancer

Answer 24

Overcomes barriers of the stratum cornea

Question 25

Ideal penetration enhancers must be:

Answer 25

• oderless
• colourless
• chemically inactive
• physically/chemically stable
• action must be reversible
• non allergic or toxic

Question 26

Which physiochemical factors of API affect transdermal deliver

Answer 26

Molecular weight
• under 500 Da

Potency
•IV < 20mg/day

Concentration
•higher conc, higher absorption rate

Solubility through stratum cornea
• hydrophilic- use intercellular route
• lipophillic - use transcellular route

Partition coefficient
• ionised - pass in small amounts
• un- ionised pass in large amounts

Question 27

Factors affecting transdermal deliver - excipients

Answer 27

Penetration enhancers
• destruct lipid layer
• enhance skin permiation

Question 28

Factors affecting transdermal deliver - patient/skin

Answer 28

•Hydration
the more hydration the better permeation

Disease state
• damaged skin increases permeation

API binding to skin

API metabolising in skin

Ethnicity
• Africans skin structure lowers permeation

Gender
• men have more pores and subasouse fillaments

Question 29

transdermal delivery VS oral - advantages and disadvantages

Answer 29

Advantages
• no first pass metabolism
• large surface area
• easily accessible to the skin
• non-invade
• less frequent dosing

Disadvantages
• stratum cornea is selective - only small and lipophilic agents pass easily
• not all drugs can be delivered in this way
• penetration enhancers needed
• API needs to potent in small doses

Question 30

Which drugs can be in transdermal patches?

Answer 30

• nicotine
• hormones
• fentanyl
• hyoscine

Question 31

Suppositories base/vehical desirable properties?

Answer 31

• melt at body temperature
• compatible with a range of drugs
• physically/chemically stable
• pharmacologically inactive
• non-irritating

Question 32

Factors affect suppositories bioavailability

Answer 32

• shape
• size
• melting point
• how kind it has been in the cavity for