Lipids/lipid Disorders

Question 1

What is hydrogenation of fats

Answer 1

Adding hydrogen gas to unsaturated fats to make saturated fats

Question 2

What do you know about lipids

Answer 2

• hydrophobic
• poor conductors of heat
• electrical insulators around nerve axons

Question 3

Are unsaturated fats, liquid at room temp

Answer 3

Yes.

Also saturated are solid are room temp

Question 4

Lipids functions?

Answer 4

• reserves energy
• regulates membrane permeability
• binds with cholesterol to maintain membrane fluidity
• hormone synthesis
• signalling molecule

Question 5

What do you know about cholesterol

Answer 5

• 80% synthesised in liver and 20% from food
• steroidal alcohol
• daily recommended <300mg
• main part of the cell membrane
• excreted in bile/feaces

Question 6

What are cholesterol sources

Answer 6

• egg yolk
• liver
• shellfish
• meat

Question 7

What is hypocholesterolaemia?

Answer 7

Increased blood cholesterol levels

Question 8

What can be the primary causes of hypercholesterolaemia?

Answer 8

• Increased levels of TG and LDL
• blood cholesterol >200mg/d

Question 9

What can be the secondary causes of hyperlipidaemia?

Answer 9

• diabetes
• alcohol
• hypothyroidism
• obesity
• thiazide duiretics

Question 10

What is the primary cause of hypocholesterolaemia?

Answer 10

Genetics

Question 11

What are the secondary causes of hypocholesterolaemia?

Answer 11

• diabetes
• obesity
• thiazide duiretics
• alcohol

Question 12

Diagnosis of lipid disorders - what test would you do?

Answer 12

• full lipid profile
• blood, urine and feaces sample - after 12 hours of fasting

Blood sample should not include Heparin

Question 13

What are the clinical signs associated with hypertriglyceridemia

Answer 13

• abdominal pain
• xanthomas
• pancreatitis