Scientists

Question 1

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 1

First to observe & document living cells with lenses he crafted
17th century

Question 2

Robert Hooke, 1665

Answer 2

Developed a microscope that enabled him to study cork tissue

Coined the term cell

Question 3

Matthoas Schleiden, 1838

Answer 3

Studied living tissue & concluded that all plants are made of cells

Question 4

Theodor Schwann, 1839

Answer 4

Stated that all animals are made of cells

Question 5

Rudolf Virchow, 1855

Answer 5

“Where a cell exists, the ust be a preexisting cell”

Question 6

Gregor Mendel, 1850s

Answer 6

Bred garden peas to study inheritance

3 laws

Question 7

Griffith, 1927

Answer 7

Discovered bacterial transformation = ability of bacteria to alter their genetic make up by absorbing foreign DNA molecules from other baterical cells & incorporating foreign DNA into their own

Question 8

Avery, MacLeod, McCarthy 1944

Answer 8

Published that Griffith’s bacteria was transferring DNA

Question 9

Hershey & Chase, 1952

Answer 9

Proved that DNA is molecule of inheritance 
Tagged bacteriophages (viruses that attack bacteria)

Question 10

Rosalind Franklin, 1950-53

Answer 10

Carried out X-ray crystallography analysis of DNA that showed DNA to be a helix

Question 11

Watson & Crick

Answer 11

Correctly described the structure of DNA to be a double helix

Question 12

Meselson & Stahl, 1953

Answer 12

Proved W&C, that DNA replicates in a semiconservative fashion
Cultured heavy & light nitrogen

Question 13

Lamarack

Answer 13

Inheritance of acquired traits & use and disuse

Question 14

Darwin

Answer 14

Survival of the fittest

Question 15

Francesco Redi, spontaneous generation

Answer 15

Maggots arose only where flies were able to lay their eggs

Question 16

Stephen J Gould & Niles Eldridge, Punctuated Equilibrium

Answer 16

New species appear suddenly after long periods of no change

Question 17

Louis Pasteur, Spontaneous Generation

Answer 17

Microorganisms appear only as contaminants from air and not spontaneously

Question 18

Tinbergen

Answer 18

Fixed action pattern, stickleback fish

Question 19

BF Skinner

Answer 19

operant conditioning

Reward/punishment

Question 20

Konrad Lenz

Answer 20

Imprinting

Ducklings

Question 21

Karl von Frisch

Answer 21

Honeybee communication & bee waggle dance

Question 22

G.F. Gause, Competitive Exclusion Principle

Answer 22

Two species cannot coexist in a community if they share a niche, compete for the same resources