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Biology > Scientists > Flashcards

Scientists Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

A

First to observe & document living cells with lenses he crafted
17th century

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2
Q

Robert Hooke, 1665

A

Developed a microscope that enabled him to study cork tissue

Coined the term cell

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3
Q

Matthoas Schleiden, 1838

A

Studied living tissue & concluded that all plants are made of cells

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4
Q

Theodor Schwann, 1839

A

Stated that all animals are made of cells

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5
Q

Rudolf Virchow, 1855

A

“Where a cell exists, the ust be a preexisting cell”

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6
Q

Gregor Mendel, 1850s

A

Bred garden peas to study inheritance

3 laws

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7
Q

Griffith, 1927

A

Discovered bacterial transformation = ability of bacteria to alter their genetic make up by absorbing foreign DNA molecules from other baterical cells & incorporating foreign DNA into their own

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8
Q

Avery, MacLeod, McCarthy 1944

A

Published that Griffith’s bacteria was transferring DNA

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9
Q

Hershey & Chase, 1952

A 
Proved that DNA is molecule of inheritance 
Tagged bacteriophages (viruses that attack bacteria)
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10
Q

Rosalind Franklin, 1950-53

A

Carried out X-ray crystallography analysis of DNA that showed DNA to be a helix

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11
Q

Watson & Crick

A

Correctly described the structure of DNA to be a double helix

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12
Q

Meselson & Stahl, 1953

A

Proved W&C, that DNA replicates in a semiconservative fashion
Cultured heavy & light nitrogen

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13
Q

Lamarack

A

Inheritance of acquired traits & use and disuse

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14
Q

Darwin

A

Survival of the fittest

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15
Q

Francesco Redi, spontaneous generation

A

Maggots arose only where flies were able to lay their eggs

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16
Q

Stephen J Gould & Niles Eldridge, Punctuated Equilibrium

A

New species appear suddenly after long periods of no change

17
Q

Louis Pasteur, Spontaneous Generation

A

Microorganisms appear only as contaminants from air and not spontaneously

18
Q

Tinbergen

A

Fixed action pattern, stickleback fish

19
Q

BF Skinner

A

operant conditioning

Reward/punishment

20
Q

Konrad Lenz

A

Imprinting

Ducklings

21
Q

Karl von Frisch

A

Honeybee communication & bee waggle dance

22
Q

G.F. Gause, Competitive Exclusion Principle

A

Two species cannot coexist in a community if they share a niche, compete for the same resources

Biology (17 decks)

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