Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Biological Diversity > Flashcards

Biological Diversity Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Taxonomy

A

A system by which we name & classify all organisms, living & extinct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Binomial Nomenclature

A

System used today by Carl von Linne, every organism has 2-part name

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Domains

A

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Four kingdoms of Eukarya

A

Protista
Fungi: yeast, mold, mushrooms
Plantae: mosses, ferns, flowering plants
Animalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Evolutionary Trends in Animals

A 
Specialized Cells, Tissues & Organs
Germ Layers
Body Symmetry
Development of Head
Body Cavity Formation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells that perform one function

Sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Organ

A

Group of issues that work together to perform related functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Germ Layers

A

Main layers, form various tissues & organs of the body, formed in embryonic development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ectoderm

A

Outermost layer, becomes skin & nervous system

Nerve cord + brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Endoderm

A

Innermost layer, becomes viscera (guts) or digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mesoderm

A

Middle layer, becomes blood, muscles & bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Coelom

A

A fluid-filled body cavity that is completely surrounded by mesoderm tissue
Provides space for elaborate organ systems
Ex: digestive tract or cardiovascular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Porifera

A

Sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cnidarians

A

Hydra & Jellyfish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Platyhelminthes

A

Flatworms including Tapeworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nematodes

A

Roundworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Annelids

A

Segmented Worms like Earthworms, Leeches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mollusks

A

Squids, Octopuses, Slugs, Clams, and Snails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Arthropods

A

Insecta (Grasshopper), Crustacea (Shrimp, crab), Arachnida (Spider)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Echinoderms

A

Sea Stars (Starfish) & Sea Urchins

21
Q

Chordates

A

Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals

22
Q

Cladogram/polygenetic Tree

A

Diagrammatic representation of the evolutionary history that all living things evolve from the last universal common ancestor (LUCA)

23
Q

Taxa

A

Levels of organization in system of classification;

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

24
Q

Extremophiles

A

Organisms that live in extreme environments

Make up domain Archaea

25
Q

Three-Domain System

A

Based on DNA analysis, reflects evolutionary history & the relationships among organisms
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

26
Q

Decomposer

A

Organisms that play a vital role in the ecosystem & that recycle dead organic matter
Bacteria & Fungi

27
Q

Pathogen

A

Organism that causes disease

28
Q

Genetic Engineering

A

Branch of science that uses recombinant DNA techniques for practical purposes

29
Q

Conjugation

A

A primitive form of sexual reproduction where individuals exchange genetic material

30
Q

Methanogens

Extremophile

A

Organisms that obtain energy in a unique way by producing methane from hydrogen

31
Q

Halophiles

Extremophile

A

Organisms that thrive in environments with high salt concentrations like Utah’s Great Salt Lake

32
Q

Thermophiles

Extremophiles

A

Organisms that thrive in very high temperature, like in hot springs in Yellowstone Park

33
Q

Saprobes

A

Organisms that obtain food from decaying organic matter

34
Q

Pioneer Organisms

A

The first to colonize a barren environment in primary ecological succession

35
Q

Cell

A

Basic unit of all forms of life

36
Q

Mesoglea

A

The middle layer of a 2-layered animal, which holds the 2 layers together

37
Q

Tripoblastic

A

Animal consisting of 3 cell layers

Every animal more sophisticated than flatworms

38
Q

Pseudocoelomate

A

An animal with a false coelom

Fluid-filled tube between endoderm & mesoderm that support the animal

39
Q

Acoelomate

A

An animal that has no true coelom

40
Q

Gastrovascular Cavity

A

Glastrocoel, primitive digestive tract

Hydra

41
Q

Hermaphrodites

A

Organisms that contain both female & male sex organs

42
Q

Shared Traits

A

Those that organisms have in commmon

43
Q

Derived Traits

A

New characteristics or innovations that are not shared with ancestor

44
Q

Decomposer Fungi

A

Secrets enzymes that breaks down & absorb nutrients from non living organic material

45
Q

Mutualist Fungi

A

Help plants absorb nutrients especially phosphates by breaking them down more efficiently than the roots can themselves, mycorrihaze

46
Q

Predatory Fungi

A

Capture prey

47
Q

Parasitic Fungi

A

Feed on living organisms without killing them

48
Q

Segmentation

A

Repetition of anatomically identical units that can be added to and modified for different purposes as animals evolve

Biology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions