Science, Physics - Energy

Question 1

Geothermal energy

Answer 1

• Energy from the earth
• Turn their heat energy into electrical energy
• Earth’s rocks are naturally very hot
• Renewable
• No pollution
• Very few places in the world where you can do this
• Costs a lot of money to drill deep into the ground

Question 2

Wave Energy

Answer 2

• Energy from waves
• kinetic energy turned into electrical energy
• machines that bob up and down in the waves - wave energy converter (WEC)
• Renewable
• No pollution
• Need lots of machines to get a reasonable amount of energy
• The machines cost a lot of money
• The machines can be damaged by storms

Question 3

Hydroelectric Energy

Answer 3

• energy from rivers
• kinetic energy turned into electrical energy
• Renewable
• build a dam, let the water flow through it gradually
• No pollution
• We can store the water up high
• Let the water out when needed
• Costs a lot of money to build a dam
• The dam can ruin the local environment, some animals and plants may die.

Question 4

Tidal Energy

Answer 4

• energy from sea tides
• gravitational potential energy turn into electrical energy
• Renewable and Reliable
• No pollution, because nothing gets burned
• Cheap to run, once it’s built
• Costs a lot to build the dam
• The dam may cause local flooding

Question 5

Solar Energy

Answer 5

• energy from the Sun
• heat and light energy from the sun all the time
• changed into electrical energy to use in homes, using solar cells
• used to heat water for homes, using solar panels
• Renewable
• No pollution
• Solar cells and solar panels are expensive
• Only works if there is sun

Question 6

Biomass Energy

Answer 6

• energy from plants
• Trees absorb the sun’s energy. The trees change this energy into chemical energy
• chemical potential energy stored in things that were once alive (e.g. trees) can be turned into heat energy by burning them.
• turned into electrical energy to use at home
• Renewable – as long as we keep planting trees to replace the ones we cut down
• Doesn’t need any special equipment, poor countries
• Doesn’t add to the greenhouse effect

Question 7

Wind energy

Answer 7

• energy from the wind
• kinetic energy turned electrical energy
• Renewable
• No pollution, because nothing gets burned
• Turbines are quite cheap and easy to build, so they can be used even in poor countries
• Only works if it’s quite windy! If the wind stops, you get no energy.

Question 8

1kj = ____ J

Answer 8

1kj = 1000 J

Question 9

3 fuels

Answer 9

• coal
• wood
• oil

Question 10

Biofuel

Answer 10

• a fuel that we get from living things

Question 11

Fossil fuel

Answer 11

• formed from trees

Question 12

Potential energy

Answer 12

• type of energy that an object has because of its position or shape.

Question 13

C.P.E

Answer 13

• using energy to keep our food warm

Question 14

G.P.E

Answer 14

• change position

Question 15

E.P.E

Answer 15

• changed shape

Question 16

Movement energy

Answer 16

• kinetic energy

- all moving objects have this energy

Question 17

Thermal Energy

Answer 17

• the burning fuels heat up the air around them

Question 18

Light energy

Answer 18

• needed to see things

- from the Sun or a candle in the form of light waves

Question 19

Sound energy

Answer 19

• transfers energy to your ear as sound waves.

Question 20

Nuclear energy

Answer 20

• hydrogen atoms combine to form helium and energy is released
• the sun shines because of nuclear fusion.