Geography - Biomes & Ecosystems Flashcards
1
Q
Types of Biomes
A
- tropical rainforest
- tropical savannah
- desert
- chaparral (Mediterranean)
- grassland
- temperate deciduous forest
- temperate boreal forest
- artic and alpine tundra
2
Q
Tropical Rainforest
A
- very hot and wet
- located on or around the equator
- known for its biodiversity
3
Q
Artic & Alpine Tundra
A
- covers 1/5 of land on earth
- below freezing at night year round
- meaning of name “land with no trees” {Lapland}
4
Q
Biotic
A
- living things
- biotic animals in a freshwater ecosystem:
- aquatic plants
- fish
- algae
- birds
5
Q
Abiotic
A
- non-living things
- abiotic animals in a freshwater ecosystem:
- sun (light)
- water
- air
- stones
5
Q
Producers
A
- organisms that make their own food
- photosynthesis
- first tropic level
6
Q
Primary consumers
A
- herbivores
- second tropic level
7
Q
Secondary consumers
A
- large carnivores
- feed on primary consumers
- third tropic level
8
Q
Why does the weight of biomass get smaller?
A
- not all plants are eaten by herbivores
- not all the prey is eaten by carnivores
- much of what animals eat is excreted
- hunting takes a lot of energy (movement)
- animals are constantly using energy just ‘staying alive’.
9
Q
Nutrient Cycle
A
water and air penetrate soil => plant matter breaks down into soil => decomposers break down organic matter => soil stores nutrients => plants absorb nutrients & grow
- biomass => litter => soil
10
Q
Interdependence
A
the dependence of two or more things on each other.
11
Q
Biomes - abiotic factors:
A
- Climate (temperature and precipitation)
- Relief (steepness of the land)
- Geology (type of rocks)
- Soils (fertility)
- Vegetation (type and coverage)
12
Q
Factors affecting Biomes
A
- Latitude
- Proximity to the sea
- Altitude
- Wind
- Cloud Cover
13
Q
Animals in a rainforest
A
- Sloth
- Toucan
- Piranha
- Harpy Eagle
- Anaconda
14
Q
Biodiversity
A
the variety of organisms living in a particular area (both animals and plants).
