Science - Biology Quiz #1

Question 1

Cell Wall

Answer 1

• Both
• Outer Wall
  Surrounds and protects the cell

Question 2

Cytoplasm

Answer 2

• Both
• Liquid all over the cell
  Contains the products made by the cell

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

• Both
• Bulb
  Contains the DNA

Question 4

Mitochondria

Answer 4

• Both
• Oval with lines
  Generates energy

Question 5

ER

Answer 5

• Both
• Lines near nucleus

Rough (has ribosomes)
- makes membrane proteins and keeps improper ones from entering the cytoplasm or moving out of the cell

Smooth (no ribosomes)
- makes lipids, metabolizes drugs and toxins, produces hormones

Question 6

Centrioles

Answer 6

• Animal
• Sticks
• Help pull chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

• Both
• Dots on ER
• Make proteins

Question 8

Golgi

Answer 8

• Both
• Stack of pancakes
• Transports molecules, receives proteins

Question 9

Lysosomes

Answer 9

• Both
• Small dots
• Break down excess worn-out cell arts, destroy invading pathogens, digest food and get rid of waste molecules

Question 10

Cilia and Flagella

Answer 10

• Both
• Hair
• Feeding, or in moving substances around and over the cell

Question 11

Vacuoles

Answer 11

• Both
• Cup
  Storage sack for cells (fats, food, proteins, water, vitamins, minerals, waste)

Question 12

Chloroplasts

Answer 12

• Plant
• Stack of Coins
  Use energy from the sun to make food

Question 13

Ocular

Answer 13

The first lens in a compound microscope.

Question 14

Objective lens

Answer 14

The second set of lenses in a compound microscope.

Question 15

Body tube

Answer 15

Keeps the two sets of lenses the correct distance apart.

Question 16

Rotating Nosepiece

Answer 16

Allows the user to change objectives.

Question 17

Stage

Answer 17

A place to put the slide.

Question 18

Stage Clips

Answer 18

Holds the slide in place.

Question 19

Diaphragm

Answer 19

Regulates the amount of light that hits the slide.

Question 20

Light source

Answer 20

Provides light.

Question 21

Coarse Adjustment Knob

Answer 21

Moves the stage up and down rapidly.

Question 22

Fine Adjustment Knob

Answer 22

Moves the stage up and down very slowly.

Question 23

Arm

Answer 23

Supports the body tube.

Question 24

Base

Answer 24

Supports the illuminator.

Question 25

Electron Microscopes

Answer 25

• Used to examine cells at magnifications above 2000x
• Doesn’t use light
• A beam of electrons produces an image
• Uses a vacuum chamber so gas molecules won’t get in the way
• Can’t be used on living cells
• Much more powerful than light

Question 26

Two Types of Electron Microscopes

Answer 26

1. Transmission Electrion Microscope (TEM)

2. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Question 27

How to Find Size

Answer 27

1. Draw a Specimen
2. Find the diameter of the Field of View (4.4mm)
3. Multiply it by 0.1 (4.4mm x 0.1 = 0.44)
4. Divide by an estimated guess of how many times the specimen can fit - actual size (0.44/4 = 0.11mm)
5. Measure the width of your drawing (25mm)
6. Find magnification by dividing the width of your drawing by the actual size (25mm/0.11=227x)

Question 28

Organizational Levels of Life

Answer 28

1. Eukaryotic Cell
2. Organelle
3. Large Molecules (prokaryotic cells, virus, atoms)
4. Tissue
5. Organ
6. Organ System
7. Organism
8. Population
9. Community
10. Ecosystem
11. Biome