Chemistry Quiz - Isotopes Flashcards
Proton-
A positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom.
Proton Description
- Protons have slightly less mass than neutrons
- # of the proton determines it’s atomic number
Electron-
A negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus.
Electron Description
- The mass of an electron is less than one-thousandth of the mass of a proton
Neutron-
A particle with no charge located in the nucleus.
Neutron Description
- The slightly more mass than protons
- The # of neutrons id described by the neutron #, N
- To find the number of neutrons subtract the atomic number from the mass #
Proton - Charge, Location, Mass
+1, Nucleus, 1
Electron - Charge, Location, Mass
-1, Orbit, 0
Neutron - Charge, Location, Mass
0, Nucleus, 1
Adding protons changes the
element
Adding electrons changes the
charge
Adding protons/neutrons changes the
mass
Arrangement of electrons in shells
1st shell: max. 2 electrons
2nd shell: max. 8 electrons
3rd shell: max. 8 electrons
4th shell: max. 16 electrons
Atomic number:
is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus, each atom has a unique number of protons.
Mass number:
is the mass of an atom in atomic mass units (amu), are not whole numbers, is the number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus.