schizophrenia Flashcards
what does the term schizophrenia mean
splitting of psychic functions
what are positive symptoms of schizophrenia
EXCESS of normal functioning
eg. feelings of being controlled
what are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
LOSS of normal functioning
define alogia
loss of speech
define anhedonia
inability to seek pleasure
what percentage of pop is affected by schizophrenia
1%
define catatonia
motionless/ lost of movement
define avoilition
absence of motivation
what are the CR for schizophrenia
mz - 45%
dz - 10%
what effect does cocaine have on dopamine and schizophrenia
trigger schizophrenia and increase levels of dopamine
what did freud say delusions are a result of
homosexual urges
what did chloropromazine used to be used for
antihistamine
what effect does chloropromazine have on schizophrenia
calming agent
how does chloropromazine work
block dopamine receptor
stop dopamine working
increase affinity
where does resperine come from
snake root plant
what type of neurotransmission occurs in chloropromazine and resperine
antagonist neurotransmission
what side effects does resperine cause
reduction in blood pressure
how does resperine work?
reduction in vesicles and reduce dopamine released
what similarities occur between chloropromazine and resperine
- drugs act under same mechanism
2. PD symptoms begin to emerge
what are neuroleptics
anti schizophrenia drugd
what are atypical neuroleptics
treat schizophrenia without binding strongly to D2 receptors
what effects do psychedilic drugs cause
alter perception, cog and emotion
what does ketamine mimic
mimic negative effects of schizophrenia
what does LSD mimic
mimic the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
what do schizophrenia related genes disturb
myelination, glutamate transmissin and GABA synapses
what effect does schizophrenia have on the brain
smaller brain size
neuron loss
abnormalities in brain structure
what is green IBZM used for
chemical to measure dopamine receptors
what is the cause of schizophrenia
hyperactivity specifically at D2 receptors
what is the effect of more ‘greenies’ (measure of dopamine receptors
improvement of positive symptoms of S in treatment process
what is the effect of good binding process to D2 receptors
more effective to suppress symptoms fo schizophrenia
what is the effect of a good binding process to dopamine receptors
increase efficacy of the drug
which receptors to chloropromazine and phentothiazines bind to
both D1 AND D2 receptors
which receptors do haloperidol and butyrophenoes bind to
bind effectively to D2
dont bind effectively do D1
what is D1 coupled with
D1 is positively coupled with adenlyate cylise
what is adenlyate cylise
enzyme helps pass message inside the cell
what is D2 coupled with
negatively coupled with adenlyate cylise
what does clozapine bind effectively to
D4 receptor
how many types of dopamine receptor are there
research shows there is more than 1 dopamine receptor
