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PSY219 NEURO > anatomy of the nervous system > Flashcards

anatomy of the nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

which components make up of CNS

A

skull and spinal cord

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2
Q

which components make up the PNS

A

Outside the skull and spine

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3
Q

define neuoanatomy

A

structures of the brain

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4
Q

state 2 divisions of the PNS and their functions

A
  1. somatic - interact with external environment

2. autonomic - regulate internal environment

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5
Q

what is the function of afferent and efferent nerves in the somatic system

A

afferent - signla from skin to CNS

efferent - signal from CNS to muscles

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6
Q

how many cranial nerves in the spinal cord

A

12

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7
Q

what is the function of cerebrospinal fluid

A

protection

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8
Q

what is the function of the dorsal root

A

afferent nerves signals of sensory information

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9
Q

what is the function of the ventral root

A

efferent nerves signals of motor information

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10
Q

what is the function of afferent and efferent nerves in the autonomic nervous system

A

afferent - sensory signals from organs - cns

efferent - motor signals from CNS to organs

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11
Q

what does evolution help us to explain in regards to neuroanatomy

A

changes in brain size and brain proprotions

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12
Q

what is the function of the limbic system

A

motivated behaviour eg. feeding/ fighting

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13
Q

what is the role of the nucleus accumbens

A

rewarding effects of addictive behaviours

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14
Q

which components of the basal ganglia form the striatum

A

caudate and putamen

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15
Q

state the 2 brain regions in the forebrain

A
  1. diencephalon

2. telencephalon

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16
Q

state the brain regions that compose the diencephalon

A
  1. hypothalamus

2. thalamus

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17
Q

what is the function of the thalamus

A

relay structure from basal ganglia and cerebellum to the cortex

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18
Q

what is the function of specific and non specific nuceli in the thalamus

A

specific nuclei- signal from cortex to all sensations

non specific nuclei- regulate sleep and arousal

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19
Q

what is the function of the hypothalamus

A

regulate hormone release and regulated motivated behaviours

20
Q

which brain region makes up the telecephalon

A

cerebral cortex

21
Q

what is the role of convulations

A

increase amount of space in the cerebral cortex

22
Q

what is the techical name of large and small furrows

A

large furrows - fissures

small furrows - gyri

23
Q

which 4 lobes is the central and lateral fissure divided into

A

temporal, occipital, parietal and frontal lobes

24
Q

what are the function of the 4 lobes

A

frontal - motor function
parietal - process visual and sensory info
temporal - hearing and language
occipital - visual input to guide behaviour

25
Q

which brain region makes up the midbrain

A

mesencephalon

26
Q

what 2 divisions make up the mesencephalon

A

tectum and tegmentum

27
Q

which 3 colourful structures make up the tegmentum

A

red nucleus
substantia nigra
periaqueductal gray (grey matter)

28
Q

what is the function of the periaqueductal gray

A

role in defensive behaviour

29
Q

what is the role of the red nucleus

A

projections of motor control to spinal cord

30
Q

which brain region is the substantia nigra part of

A

basal ganglia

31
Q

which 2 components make up the tectum

A

superior and inferior colliculus

32
Q

what is the function of the tectum

A

visual and auditory frequency maps

33
Q

what are the characteristics of the superior colliculus

A

posterior bumps

sensitive to changes to motor or vision

34
Q

what are the characteristics of the inferior colliculus

A

anterior bumps

sensitive to changes in auditory info

35
Q

which brain regions make up the hind brain

A

metencephalon and myelencephalon

36
Q

which brain region is linked with the metencephalon

A

pons and cerebellum

37
Q

what is the role of the pons

A

relay info from cortex to cerebellum

38
Q

what is the role of the cerebellum

A

control of movement and process of motor learning

39
Q

which brain region is linked with the myelencephalon

A

medulla

40
Q

what is the function of the medulla

A

autonomic and sensorimotor control

sleep and motor movements

41
Q

what is the medulla composed of

A

tracts carrying signals to rest of body

42
Q

what is the largest part of the brain

A

cerebral cortex

43
Q

which systems generate the defense output

A

motor, autonomic and endocrine systems

44
Q

what is the impact of increasing detecting complex behaviour

A

requires increased complex processing and more complex neural systems

45
Q

what is the advanatage of preserving brain architecture

A

promote survival

PSY219 NEURO (14 decks)

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