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gross anatomy > Scalp temple and face > Flashcards

Scalp temple and face Flashcards

1
Q

Extent of scalp

A

supraorbital margin from front

Behind occipital protuberance superior nuchal lines and from sides superior temporal lines

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2
Q

Layers of scalp

A 
skin 
Superficial fascia 
Deep fascia (connective tissue) galea aponeurotica 
Lose areolae tissue 
Pericranium
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3
Q

Insertion of occipitofrontalis and

A

in galea aponeurotica insertion

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4
Q

Occipitalis arises from and nerve supply

A

lateral 2/3rds of superior nuchal line and supplied by posterior auricular branch of facial nerve

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5
Q

Frontalis arises and nerve supply from

A

arises from upper eyelids skin of forehead orbicularis and corrugator supercilii and supplied by temporal branch of facial nerve

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6
Q

Nerve supply of temporoparietalis

A

temporal branch of facial nerve

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7
Q

Where is superficial temporal region and its laywrs

A 
between superior temporal line and zygomatic arch 
Layers: Skin
Superficial fascia 
Epicranial aponeurosis 
Temporal fascia 
Temporalis muscle 
Pericranium
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8
Q

Arteries in front of auricle and behind auricle in superficial temporal eegion

A

front:
Supraorbital supra trochlear (branches of opthalmic)
Superficial temporal ( branches of external carotid)
Behind: Posterior auricular
And occipital arteries both branched of external carotid

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9
Q

facial vein formation (VEINS OF FACE AND SCALP)

A

supratrochlear and supraobital vein join at form the angular vein which continues down as facial vein

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10
Q

retromandibular vein formation (VEINS OF FACE AND SCALP)

A

superficial temporal joins the maxillary vein infront of the tragus to from the retromandibular vein which has 2 divisions

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11
Q

common facial vein formation and it drains into (VEINS OF FACE AND SCALP)

A

ant division of retromandibular joins with the facial vein to form the common facial vein and drains into internal jugular vein

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12
Q

formation of external jugular vein

A

the pst division of retromandibular joins the posterior auricular and makes the external jugular vein which drains into the subclavian vein

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13
Q

lymphatic draining (SCALP)

A

ant part into the preauricular and parotid

pst part into the posterior auricular and mastoid lymph nodes

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14
Q

what is the dangerous area of scalp

A

region of lose areolar tissue which can transmit infection through emissary vein into the cavernous sinus

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15
Q

black eye is caused by

A

collection of blood in the lose connective tissue which may leak into the eyelids and root of the nose causing black eye

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16
Q

nerves of scalp and superficial temporal region from up to down

A
  1. supra trochlear
  2. supra orbital
  3. zygomatico temporal
  4. temporal branch of facial nerve (motor)
  5. auricotemporal
  6. greater auricular
  7. pst auricular (motor)
  8. lesser occipital
  9. greater occipital
  10. 3rd occipital
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17
Q

renal oedma first appears in

A

eyelids and face

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18
Q

why boils in nose and ear are painful

A

because of fixity of skin to the underlying cartilages

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19
Q

superfacial fascia of face has

A

fascial muscles

fat and and nerve and vessels

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20
Q

deep fascia in face

A

absent except over parotid gland where it makes parotid fascia and over the buccinator where it forms the buccopharangeal fascia

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21
Q

facial muscles embryonic origin and their nerve suplly

A

mesoderm of 2nd brachial arch

supplied by facial nerve

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22
Q

muscles of orbital opening

A

orbicularis oculi
corrugator supecilli
levator palpebrae superioris (extraoculuar muscle)

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23
Q

levator palpebrae superioris is supplied by what nerve

A

3rd cranial nerve occulumotor nerve

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24
Q

muscles of nose

A

compressor naris
dialator naris
depressor speti
procerus

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25
muscles around the mouth
1. orbicularis oris 2. buccinator 3. levator labii superioris alaeque 4. levator labbi superioris 5. depressor labi inferioris 6. depressor anguli oris 7. levator anguli oris 8. mentalis 9. risorius 10. zygomaticus major 11. zygomaticus minor
26
corrugator supercilli origin insertion and function
origin: medial end of supraciliary arch insertion: skin of eyebrows function: vertical lines on the forehead while frowning
27
orbicularis oculi origin insertion and function
origin: orbital part: medial end of medial palpebral ligament, frontal process of maxilla and nasal part of frontal bone palpebral part: lateral end of medial palpebral ligament lacrimal part: lacrimal fascia and pst lacrimal crest insertion: orbital: concentric rings so returns back to the point of origin palpebral: lateral palpebral raphe lacrimal: lateral palpebral raphe action: orbital part: sudden closure of eye to save from sunligh wind dust palpebral: gently closing of eye in blinking lacrimal: dialates lacrimal sac supports lower eye lid
28
procerus origin insertion and function
origin: nasal bone and upper part of lateral nasal cartilage insertion: skin on the forehead between the eyebrows and bridge of the nose function: transverse wrinkles
29
compressor nairs origin insertion and function
origin: maxilla lateral to the nose insertion: aponeurosis over the dorsum of the nose function: compression of apertures of the nose
30
dialator naris origin insertion and function
origin: maxilla over the lateral incisors insertion: alar cartilages function: nasal apertures dialation
31
depressor septi origin insertion and function
origin: maxilla over medial incisor insertion: lower mobile part of nasal septum function: pulls nose inferiorly
32
orbicularis oculi origin insertion and function
origin of intrinsic fiber: sup incisivus from maxilla inf incisivus from mandible origin of extrinsic fiber: thickest middle stratum from buccinator , thick superficial stratum from depressor and elevators of lips and angles of the mouth insertion of intrinsic: angle of the mouth insertion of extrinsic: lips and angle of the mouth function: protudes the lips, closes lips and various types of grimaces
33
buccinator origin insertion and function
origin: upper fibers from maxilla oppsite molar teeth lower fiber: mandible opposiye molar teeth middle fibers: pterygomandibular raphe insertion: upper fiber to upper lips lower fiber to lower lips middle fibers decussate function: flattens the cheek against the gum so food doesnt get accumulated and whisteling muscle
34
levator labii superioris alaeque origin insertion and function
origin: frontal process of maxilla insertion: upper lip and alar cartilage of nose function: lifts the upper lip and dialates the nostrils
35
zygomaticus major origin insertion and function
origin: pst part of lateral surface of zygomatic arch insertion: angle of the mouth function: lifts the angle of the mouth as in smiling
36
levator labii superioris origin insertion and function
origin: infraorbital margin insertion: upper lateral half of upper lip origin: lifts the upper lip and forms the nasiolabial groove
37
levator anguli oris origin insertion and function
origin: maxilla below infraoribital margin insertion: angle of the mouth functions: lifts the angle of the mouth forms nasiolabial groove
38
zygomaticus minor origin insertion and function
origin: ant part of lateral surface of zygomatic arch insertion: upper lip medial to angle of the mouth funcion: elevates the upper lip
39
depressor anguli oris origin insertion and function
origin: oblique line of mandibile blow first molar premolar canine insertion: angle of the mouth function draws the angle of the mouth downwads and laterally
40
depressor labii inferioris origin insertion and function
origin: ant part of the oblqiue line insertion: middle part of lower lip function: draws the lower lip downwards
41
mentalis origin insertion and function
origin: mandible below incisors insertion: skin of the chin function: elevates the protrudes the lower lip as the skin of the skin wrinkle
42
risorius origin insertion and function
origin: fascia of masseter muscle insertion: angle of the mouth function: retracts the angle of the mouth
43
platysma origin insertion and function
origin: deltoid and pectoral fascia insertion: ant fibers to the base of the mandible pst fiber lower part of the face lower lip functions: releases pressure on the skin on subjacent veins, depreeses the mandible and pulls the angle of the mouth downwards
44
motor nerve supply of face
facial nerve branches: temporal: orbicularis oculi, auricular muscle and frontalis zygomatic: orbicularis oculi ( lower eyelid) buccal: muscles of the cheek and upper lip marginal mandibular: lower lip cervical: platysma
45
what is bells palsy and what nerve is damaged
balls palsy is when there is infranuclear lesion of the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen causes paralysis of the upper and lower part of the same side of the face and makes the face assymetrical/
46
cutenous nerves of the face are
opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve maxillary division mandibular devision cervical plexus
47
ophthalmic division cutaneous nerve and area of distribution
1. external nasal- lower part of dorsum and tip of nose 2. infratrochlear- medial parts of both eyelids 3. supraorbital- upper eyelids, frontal air sinus and scalp 4. lacrimal- lateral parts of upper eyelid 5. supratrochlear- upper eyelids and forehead
48
maxillary division cutaneous nerve and area of distribution
1. infraoriital- lower eyelids, upper lip and lateral part of the nose 2. zygomaticofacial- upper part if the cheel 3. zygomatciotemporal- anterior temporal region
49
mandibular division cutaneous nerve and area of distribution
1. auricotemporal- upper 2/3rd of auricular and temporal region 2. buccal- lower part of the cheek 3. mental nerve- skin over the skin
50
cervical plexus cutaneous nerve and area of distribution
1. ant division of great auricular nerve (c2 and c3)- skin over the angle of the jaw and over the parotid gland 2. uppper division of ant cutaneous nerve of the neck (c2 and c3)- lower margin of the jaw
51
facial artery is branch of what artery and its furthur branches (ARTERIES OF FACE)
branch of external carotid artery 1. inferior labial - lower lip 2. superior labia- upper lip and anterinferior part of nasal septum 3. lateral nasal- ala and dorsum of the nose
52
facial artery anastomose
anterior division anastomose with same arteries from opposie side and mental artery pst division with transverse facial and infraorbiral and terminal branches anastomose with branches of opthalmic artery
53
terminal branch of facial artery
angular artery
54
transverse facial artery is a branch of what artery and what does it supply
branc of superficial temporal artery and supplies the parotid gland, duct and masseter
55
deep communications of facial ven
communication with supraorbital and superior ophthalmic | communication of deep facial vein and pteygoid plexus
56
dangerous area of the facei
upper lip and lower part of the nose facial vein communicates with the cavernous sinus though emissary vein and thats how infections spread and cause thrombosis
57
connection between cavernous sinus and facial vein
facial vein- deep facial vein- pterygoid plexus- emissary vein- cavernous sinus
58
drainage into preauricular lymph nodes
greater part of the forehead, later part of eyelids, conjunctiva, parotid area, lateral part of the cheeks
59
drainage into submandibular
medial part of the forhead, external nose, medial part of upper lips, lateral part of lower lips, greater part of the lower jaw, medial part of the cheeks
60
submental lymph nodes drainage
chin and lower lip

gross anatomy (16 decks)

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