mouth and pharynx Flashcards
pharynx location
behind nose mouth and larynx
boundaries of pharynx ant, post, sup, inferior
sup: posterior part of the body of sphenoid
basilar part of occipital infront of pharyngeal tubercle
inferiorly: continous with oesophagus to the lebel of c6
posterior: sitting freelt on prevertebral fascia
anteriorly: communicates with larynx, oral cavity and nasal cavity
pharynx is attached to
mandible hyoid bone tongue media pterygoid plate pterygomandibular raphe cricoid and thyroid cartilages
pharynx is related either side to
styloid process and its muscles attached
communicates with middle ear with auditory tube
internal external common carotid arteries and cranial nerves associated
extent of nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx
- from base of the skull to soft palate
- soft palate to the upper border of epiglottis
- upper border of epigottis to cricoid cartilage
communication of nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx
1.anterior with nose posteriorly with oropharynx
2. superior with nasopahyrnx anterior with mouth below with laryngopharynx
3. above with oropharynx
ant with larynx
below with oesophagus
nerve supply nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx
- pharyngeal branch of pterygoplatine ganglion
- 9-10th nerves
- .9-10th nerve
waldeyers lymphatic rings
on left and right palatine tonsils posterior above naso pharyngeal lateral above tubal tonsils inferiorly lingual tonsils
hypertrophy of nasopharyngeal tonsils cause
cause posterior nasal aperture and difficulty in breathing and speaking
hypertrophy of tubal tonsils
occlude auditory or pharyngotympanic tube leading to middle car issues
palatine tonsil occupies
between palatopharngeal and palato glossal arches
surfaces borders and poles
median and lateral
ant and pos
upper and lower
medial surface
covered by stratified squamous epi
has 12-15 clefts
largest cleft is intratonsillar cleft
lateral surface
covered by fascia that forms a capsule
capsule is an extendtion of pharyngobasilar fascia here it is formed by styloglossus and superior constrictor
how lateral surface of palatine tonsils attached to the tongue and important
attached tighly through suspensory ligament of tonsils infront of the muscle insertion of palatopharyngeal and palatolossus
holds the tonsils tightly during swalling
tonsilar artery enters by piercing
superior constrictor
bed of tonsils is formed by
- pharyngobassilar fascia
- superior constrictor
- buccopharyngeal fascia
- styloglossus
- hypopharyngeal nerve
arterial supply of tonsils
MAIN: Tonsillar branch of fascial artery
additional sources
ascending palatine branch of facial artery
dorsal labial branch of labial artert
ascending pharyngeal branch of external carotid
greater palatine of maxillary artery
venous draignage of tonsils
palatine
pharyngeal
facial
lymphatic draiagne of tonsils
jugulodigastric
nerve supply of tonsils
glossopharyngeal
lesser palatine
embryonic origin of tonsils
mesoderm second pharyngeal pouch
peritonsilar abscess
infection of tonsils spread in surrounding tissue causing peritonsilar abscess
which nerve transmitis pain to ear when u have tonsilitis
glossopharyngeal
laryngopharynx anterior and posterior walls
anterior larynx
or posterior surface of cricoid and arytenoid cartilages
post- 4-5th verteb
3-6th vertebrae
supper middle and inferior constrictor muscle
piriform fossa
between aryepiglottic and thyroid cartilages
pierced by internal laryngeal nerve and when something stuck inthe fossa is removed the nerve might be damaged and and lead to anesthesia of supraglottic part of the larynx
constrictor muscles of pharynx are made from
4th and 6th pharyngeal arches
superior constrictor origin
- pterygoid hamulus (pterygoid pharangeus)
- pterygomandibular raphe (buccopharangeus)
- posterior end of mylohyoid line (mylopharyngeus)
- posterior lateral end of the tongue (glossopharyngeus)
middle constrictor muscle origin
lower part of stylohyoid ligament
lesser cornua of hyoid bone
upper border of greater cornua of hyoid bone
inferior constrictors are
thyropharyngeus
cricopharyngeus
thyrophyrangeus origin
- oblique line on lamina of thyroid gland
including inferior tubercle - tendinous band crossing the cricothyroid and attached above to inferior tubercle
- inferior cornua of thyroid
cricophyrangeus
from cricothyroid cartilage behind cricothyroid muscle
insertion of constrictors
median raphe which is attached to pharyngeal tubercle in the basicoiput part
longitudnal muscles of pharynx
stylophyrnagues
staphlopharyngeus
palatophyrnageus
sinus of morgani
the space between the superior constrictor and then the skull is called sinus morgani
contents of sinus morgani
tensot veli palitini muscle
auditory tube
ascending palatine artery
palatine branch of ascending phyrnageal artery
contents of gap between superior and middle contsrictor
stylopharyngeus muscle and glossopharyngeal nerve
gap between middle and inferior constrictor
internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal vessels
contents of gap between lower constrictor and oesophagus
inferior laryngeal vessels and recurrent laryngeal nerve
pharynx is supplied by (nerve)
pharyngeal plexus situated in middle constrictor
pharyngeal plexus is made up of
- pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve carrying fibers of cranial accessory nerve
- pharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal
- pharyneal branch of superior cervical sympathetic ganglion
motor fibers of pharynx is derived from
cranial accessory nerve supplied by vagus to all muscles except stylopharangeus
stylopharyngeus is supplied by
glossophyrangeus
inferior constrictor receives additional supply from
recurrent laryngeal and external laryngeal
sensory fibers to pharynx are derived from
glossopharyngeal and some from vagus
nasopharynx (nerve supply)
maxillary nerve to pterygopalatine ganglion
soft palate and tonsils (nerve)
lesser palatine and glossopharyngeal
taste buds of vellecular and epiglottis nerve
internal laryngeal branch of vagus
parasympathetic secretomotor fibers of pharynx
lesser palatine of ptergipalatine ganglon
blood supply of pharynx
ascending pharyngeal branch of external carotid
tonsillar and palatine branch of facial
dorsal lingual of lingual artery
greater palatine, ptergoid and pharyngeal of maxillary artery
lymphatic drainage of pharynx
deep cervical and retropharyngeal
