mouth and pharynx

Question 1

pharynx location

Answer 1

behind nose mouth and larynx

Question 2

boundaries of pharynx ant, post, sup, inferior

Answer 2

sup: posterior part of the body of sphenoid
basilar part of occipital infront of pharyngeal tubercle
inferiorly: continous with oesophagus to the lebel of c6
posterior: sitting freelt on prevertebral fascia
anteriorly: communicates with larynx, oral cavity and nasal cavity

Question 3

pharynx is attached to

Answer 3

mandible
hyoid bone
tongue
media pterygoid plate
pterygomandibular raphe 
cricoid and thyroid cartilages

Question 4

pharynx is related either side to

Answer 4

styloid process and its muscles attached
communicates with middle ear with auditory tube
internal external common carotid arteries and cranial nerves associated

Question 5

extent of nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Answer 5

1. from base of the skull to soft palate
2. soft palate to the upper border of epiglottis
3. upper border of epigottis to cricoid cartilage

Question 6

communication of nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Answer 6

1.anterior with nose posteriorly with oropharynx
2. superior with nasopahyrnx anterior with mouth below with laryngopharynx
3. above with oropharynx
ant with larynx
below with oesophagus

Question 7

nerve supply nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Answer 7

1. pharyngeal branch of pterygoplatine ganglion
2. 9-10th nerves
3. .9-10th nerve

Question 8

waldeyers lymphatic rings

Answer 8

on left and right palatine tonsils 
posterior above naso pharyngeal 
lateral above 
tubal tonsils 
inferiorly lingual tonsils

Question 9

hypertrophy of nasopharyngeal tonsils cause

Answer 9

cause posterior nasal aperture and difficulty in breathing and speaking

Question 10

hypertrophy of tubal tonsils

Answer 10

occlude auditory or pharyngotympanic tube leading to middle car issues

Question 11

palatine tonsil occupies

Answer 11

between palatopharngeal and palato glossal arches

Question 12

surfaces borders and poles

Answer 12

median and lateral
ant and pos
upper and lower

Question 13

medial surface

Answer 13

covered by stratified squamous epi
has 12-15 clefts
largest cleft is intratonsillar cleft

Question 14

lateral surface

Answer 14

covered by fascia that forms a capsule

capsule is an extendtion of pharyngobasilar fascia here it is formed by styloglossus and superior constrictor

Question 15

how lateral surface of palatine tonsils attached to the tongue and important

Answer 15

attached tighly through suspensory ligament of tonsils infront of the muscle insertion of palatopharyngeal and palatolossus
holds the tonsils tightly during swalling

Question 16

tonsilar artery enters by piercing

Answer 16

superior constrictor

Question 17

bed of tonsils is formed by

Answer 17

1. pharyngobassilar fascia
2. superior constrictor
3. buccopharyngeal fascia
4. styloglossus
5. hypopharyngeal nerve

Question 18

arterial supply of tonsils

Answer 18

MAIN: Tonsillar branch of fascial artery
additional sources
ascending palatine branch of facial artery
dorsal labial branch of labial artert
ascending pharyngeal branch of external carotid
greater palatine of maxillary artery

Question 19

venous draignage of tonsils

Answer 19

palatine
pharyngeal
facial

Question 20

lymphatic draiagne of tonsils

Answer 20

jugulodigastric

Question 21

nerve supply of tonsils

Answer 21

glossopharyngeal

lesser palatine

Question 22

embryonic origin of tonsils

Answer 22

mesoderm second pharyngeal pouch

Question 23

peritonsilar abscess

Answer 23

infection of tonsils spread in surrounding tissue causing peritonsilar abscess

Question 24

which nerve transmitis pain to ear when u have tonsilitis

Answer 24

glossopharyngeal

Question 25

laryngopharynx anterior and posterior walls

Answer 25

anterior larynx
or posterior surface of cricoid and arytenoid cartilages
post- 4-5th verteb
3-6th vertebrae
supper middle and inferior constrictor muscle

Question 26

piriform fossa

Answer 26

between aryepiglottic and thyroid cartilages
pierced by internal laryngeal nerve and when something stuck inthe fossa is removed the nerve might be damaged and and lead to anesthesia of supraglottic part of the larynx

Question 27

constrictor muscles of pharynx are made from

Answer 27

4th and 6th pharyngeal arches

Question 28

superior constrictor origin

Answer 28

1. pterygoid hamulus (pterygoid pharangeus)
2. pterygomandibular raphe (buccopharangeus)
3. posterior end of mylohyoid line (mylopharyngeus)
4. posterior lateral end of the tongue (glossopharyngeus)

Question 29

middle constrictor muscle origin

Answer 29

lower part of stylohyoid ligament
lesser cornua of hyoid bone
upper border of greater cornua of hyoid bone

Question 30

inferior constrictors are

Answer 30

thyropharyngeus

cricopharyngeus

Question 31

thyrophyrangeus origin

Answer 31

1. oblique line on lamina of thyroid gland
   including inferior tubercle
2. tendinous band crossing the cricothyroid and attached above to inferior tubercle
3. inferior cornua of thyroid

Question 32

cricophyrangeus

Answer 32

from cricothyroid cartilage behind cricothyroid muscle

Question 33

insertion of constrictors

Answer 33

median raphe which is attached to pharyngeal tubercle in the basicoiput part

Question 34

longitudnal muscles of pharynx

Answer 34

stylophyrnagues
staphlopharyngeus
palatophyrnageus

Question 35

sinus of morgani

Answer 35

the space between the superior constrictor and then the skull is called sinus morgani

Question 36

contents of sinus morgani

Answer 36

tensot veli palitini muscle
auditory tube
ascending palatine artery
palatine branch of ascending phyrnageal artery

Question 37

contents of gap between superior and middle contsrictor

Answer 37

stylopharyngeus muscle and glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 38

gap between middle and inferior constrictor

Answer 38

internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal vessels

Question 39

contents of gap between lower constrictor and oesophagus

Answer 39

inferior laryngeal vessels and recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 40

pharynx is supplied by (nerve)

Answer 40

pharyngeal plexus situated in middle constrictor

Question 41

pharyngeal plexus is made up of

Answer 41

1. pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve carrying fibers of cranial accessory nerve
2. pharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal
3. pharyneal branch of superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

Question 42

motor fibers of pharynx is derived from

Answer 42

cranial accessory nerve supplied by vagus to all muscles except stylopharangeus

Question 43

stylopharyngeus is supplied by

Answer 43

glossophyrangeus

Question 44

inferior constrictor receives additional supply from

Answer 44

recurrent laryngeal and external laryngeal

Question 45

sensory fibers to pharynx are derived from

Answer 45

glossopharyngeal and some from vagus

Question 46

nasopharynx (nerve supply)

Answer 46

maxillary nerve to pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 47

soft palate and tonsils (nerve)

Answer 47

lesser palatine and glossopharyngeal

Question 48

taste buds of vellecular and epiglottis nerve

Answer 48

internal laryngeal branch of vagus

Question 49

parasympathetic secretomotor fibers of pharynx

Answer 49

lesser palatine of ptergipalatine ganglon

Question 50

blood supply of pharynx

Answer 50

ascending pharyngeal branch of external carotid
tonsillar and palatine branch of facial
dorsal lingual of lingual artery
greater palatine, ptergoid and pharyngeal of maxillary artery

Question 51

lymphatic drainage of pharynx

Answer 51

deep cervical and retropharyngeal