⭐️SB7- Animal Coordination, Control And Homeostasis Flashcards
What is metabolic rate?
Rate at which energy stored in food is transferred by all reactions that happen in the body
What is resting metabolic rate?
Metabolic rate that’s measured when the body’s at rest, in a warm room long after a meal
Name a hormone that effects metabolic rate
Thyroxine as it changes how certain cells work e.g. causing heart cells to contract more strongly
Where is thyroxine released from?
The thyroid gland
What’s negative feedback?
When an action directly triggers an opposite response
How is control of thyroxine level in the blood an example of negative feedback?
As an increase in thyroxine concentration directly causes a change that brings about a decrease in the amount of thyroxine released into the blood
What is homeostasis?
The constant maintenance of internal conditions to maintain optimal conditions for cellular reactions.
What are hormones?
Chemical messengers that take time to get around the body and are transported by the blood to their target organs
What processes require transfer of energy when the body is at rest?
Respiration, digestion, heart rate, mitosis e.c.t
How are thyroxine and metabolism linked?
It is produced when metabolism needs to be higher
What hormone does the hypothalamus make?
TRH
What hormone does the pituitary gland make?
TSH
What does TRH do?
It triggers the pituitary gland to make TSH
What does TSH do?
It triggers the thyroid gland to release thyroxine which goes to its target organs
What hormone do the adrenal glands release and where are they located?
Adrenalin, glands located above the kidneys
What are the three target organs of adrenaline?
The liver, the heart and the blood vessels
What does adrenaline do to the liver?
Causes breakdown of glycogen and when broken down, glucose molecules are released into the body for respiration
What does adrenaline do to the heart?
Causes the heart muscles to rapidly contract, increasing heart rate and pressure of blood flow
What does adrenaline do to the blood vessels?
Either widens the diameter to increase blood flow
Or narrows the diameter to reduce blood flow to muscles increasing blood pressure
Why is it important for adrenaline to trigger liver cells into changing glycogen to glucose?
As it increases blood sugar concentration and can then be used in respiration as energy
How long in a menstrual cycle cycle?
28 days
What happens at the start of the menstrual cycle?
Menstruation that lasts from 3-7 days
What is FSH?
A hormone produced just after menstruation, by the pituitary gland.
What does FSH do?
Matures the edges in the ovaries and stimulates the follicles to produce oestrogen