SB.5 Timbers

Question 1

Seasoning

Answer 1

Newly cut timber (‘green timber’) contains lots of moisture. To reduce this, it is seasoned.
Air dried timber is separated & stacked under a protective, roofed structure but w open sides so that air can circulate. Slow process

Question 2

Kiln dried timber

Answer 2

Quicker but more expensive process than seasoning. Enables timber to be sold quicker, less storage. The kiln is filled w steam & the moisture is gradually reduced to dry out wood.

Question 3

Timber supplied in 2 types of finish

Answer 3

Rough sawn
Plannee all around (PAR)

Question 4

Woodscrews

Answer 4

Join 2 pieces of wood tg & provide strength to a joint.
Need a pre-drilled hole through both pieces of wood - pilot hole, should be narrower than diameter of screw
A clearance hole is drilled into top section, slightly wider than diameter of the shank
If a countersuck screw is being used, hole should be drilled to the depth of the screw head to allow head to sink just below the surface.

Question 5

Wood mouldings

Answer 5

Specifically shaped sections of wood. Can be seen around door frames, etc

Question 6

Dowels

Answer 6

Dowel rods are cicular lengths of timber supplied in a variety of diameters.

Question 7

Knock down fittings

Answer 7

Allow easy construction & disassembly. Intended to be used w simple tools (screwdriver)
Eg. Flat pack furniture

Question 8

Knock down fittings: connecting or block fitting

Answer 8

Plastic corner blocks join 2 pieces of timber at right angles. Screws inserted into ready-made holes

Question 9

Knock down fitting: cross dowel fitting

Answer 9

A bolt hole is drilled through one piece of wood & into the connecting piece. A dowel hole is drilled laterally acriss the bolt hole & cross dowel is slotted in. The 2 are aligned & tightened

Question 10

Knock down fittings: cam lock fitting

Answer 10

The cam (shaped like disk) fits into pre-drilled hole in one piece of timber. A connecting screw from the other piece of timber connects w the cam fitting, pulling the two panels tg tightly

Question 11

Hinges

Answer 11

Used to connect 2 objects tg w a pivot on one edge, allowing doors, windows, lids to open/close. Usually made of steel, brass, plastic

Question 12

Butt hinge

Answer 12

Standard hinge used for doors & windows. Needs rebating for a flush fit

Question 13

Butterfly hinge

Answer 13

Decorative hinge used in cabinets, decorative boxes

Question 14

Continuous hinge

Answer 14

Provides continuous support along length of the opening sa piano lids

Question 15

Flush hinge

Answer 15

Small, space saving hinge used for lightweight doors

Question 16

Lamination of plywood

Answer 16

Plywood has a no. of veneers of wood laid out at right angles to eachother. They are glued & heat pressed to create a strong composite. This process is known as laminating. A decorative laminate surface can be added last to provide protection or aesthetics.

Question 17

Laminated timber/glulam

Answer 17

Made from strips of wood, layered & bonded tg w strong adhesive. Grain direction runs along length of the timber. Often used for load bearing structures sa bridges,cbeams

Question 18

Timber finishes: oil

Answer 18

Soaks into timber, as it penetrates it provides protection & water res. Helps replenish the wood’s natural oils lost through exposure, age & wear&tear

Question 19

Timber finishes: paint

Answer 19

Usually needs a primer of undercoat on bare wood. Paint gives colour finish & adds layer of protection against weathering

Question 20

Timber finishes: varnish

Answer 20

Transparent & enhances natural grain of the timber. Protects from moisture. Varnish can be colour tinted w oil stain.

Question 21

Timber finishes: wax

Answer 21

Thin layer applied w cloth & pushed into wood. Enhances natural colour & gives deep shine. Protects from moisture

Question 22

Timber finishes: wood preservatives

Answer 22

Protects wood from fungal or insect attack. Prevents rot & decay. Will need regular reapplication

Question 23

Timber finishes: stain

Answer 23

Permanently stains wood. Colour can be affected by base wood. Does not protect

Question 24

Tanalised timber

Answer 24

Has been pressure impregnated w wood preservatives. Provides long-term protection against rot, fungal, insect attack. Used for outdoor applications to extend life. Timber does not need further painting or staining