SB.5 Timbers Flashcards
Seasoning
Newly cut timber (‘green timber’) contains lots of moisture. To reduce this, it is seasoned.
Air dried timber is separated & stacked under a protective, roofed structure but w open sides so that air can circulate. Slow process
Kiln dried timber
Quicker but more expensive process than seasoning. Enables timber to be sold quicker, less storage. The kiln is filled w steam & the moisture is gradually reduced to dry out wood.
Timber supplied in 2 types of finish
Rough sawn
Plannee all around (PAR)
Woodscrews
Join 2 pieces of wood tg & provide strength to a joint.
Need a pre-drilled hole through both pieces of wood - pilot hole, should be narrower than diameter of screw
A clearance hole is drilled into top section, slightly wider than diameter of the shank
If a countersuck screw is being used, hole should be drilled to the depth of the screw head to allow head to sink just below the surface.
Wood mouldings
Specifically shaped sections of wood. Can be seen around door frames, etc
Dowels
Dowel rods are cicular lengths of timber supplied in a variety of diameters.
Knock down fittings
Allow easy construction & disassembly. Intended to be used w simple tools (screwdriver)
Eg. Flat pack furniture
Knock down fittings: connecting or block fitting
Plastic corner blocks join 2 pieces of timber at right angles. Screws inserted into ready-made holes
Knock down fitting: cross dowel fitting
A bolt hole is drilled through one piece of wood & into the connecting piece. A dowel hole is drilled laterally acriss the bolt hole & cross dowel is slotted in. The 2 are aligned & tightened
Knock down fittings: cam lock fitting
The cam (shaped like disk) fits into pre-drilled hole in one piece of timber. A connecting screw from the other piece of timber connects w the cam fitting, pulling the two panels tg tightly
Hinges
Used to connect 2 objects tg w a pivot on one edge, allowing doors, windows, lids to open/close. Usually made of steel, brass, plastic
Butt hinge
Standard hinge used for doors & windows. Needs rebating for a flush fit
Butterfly hinge
Decorative hinge used in cabinets, decorative boxes
Continuous hinge
Provides continuous support along length of the opening sa piano lids
Flush hinge
Small, space saving hinge used for lightweight doors
Lamination of plywood
Plywood has a no. of veneers of wood laid out at right angles to eachother. They are glued & heat pressed to create a strong composite. This process is known as laminating. A decorative laminate surface can be added last to provide protection or aesthetics.
Laminated timber/glulam
Made from strips of wood, layered & bonded tg w strong adhesive. Grain direction runs along length of the timber. Often used for load bearing structures sa bridges,cbeams
Timber finishes: oil
Soaks into timber, as it penetrates it provides protection & water res. Helps replenish the wood’s natural oils lost through exposure, age & wear&tear
Timber finishes: paint
Usually needs a primer of undercoat on bare wood. Paint gives colour finish & adds layer of protection against weathering
Timber finishes: varnish
Transparent & enhances natural grain of the timber. Protects from moisture. Varnish can be colour tinted w oil stain.
Timber finishes: wax
Thin layer applied w cloth & pushed into wood. Enhances natural colour & gives deep shine. Protects from moisture
Timber finishes: wood preservatives
Protects wood from fungal or insect attack. Prevents rot & decay. Will need regular reapplication
Timber finishes: stain
Permanently stains wood. Colour can be affected by base wood. Does not protect
Tanalised timber
Has been pressure impregnated w wood preservatives. Provides long-term protection against rot, fungal, insect attack. Used for outdoor applications to extend life. Timber does not need further painting or staining
