SA.1 New & Emerging Technologies

Question 1

What is automation

Answer 1

Enables repetitive tasks to be performed by mechanised assembly lines rather than by humans.

Question 2

Automation & robots adv

Answer 2

Increased efficiency & speed of production
Accurate & consistent output
Reduced labour costs (work 24/7)

Question 3

What are robots

Answer 3

Robots can be controlled to automatically perform series of complex movements. Used to substitute humans in hazardous env

Question 4

Automation & robots disadv

Answer 4

Replaces workforce leading to job loss
No human input
Expensive

Question 5

Place of work, manufacturing stages

Answer 5

Delivery depot - raw mats arrive
Production line - raw mars processed assembled into prod
Packaging & distribution - prods packaged, shipped to customers

Question 6

What is enterprise

Answer 6

Enterprisev is the ability to identify a business opportunity, develop it & make it commercially successful.

Question 7

Crowd funding (+adv)

Answer 7

The use of small amounts of capital from many individuals to finance a new business.
The use of websites & social media enables broad range of investors to invest in an idea, usually in return for shares should the venture succeed.
Provides platform for businesses to reach a large audience of funders

Question 8

Crowd funding (disadv)

Answer 8

If the venture doesnt reach a funding target, any finance pledged is usualky returned to investors
If project fails, can damage company reputation

Question 9

Virtual marketing

Answer 9

Use of websites, social media, email & digital marketing to reach wider audience to promote product
Relies on hits, clicks & likes
Ads

Question 10

Cooperative

Answer 10

An enterprise commonly owned & run by its members.
Formed to enable group of ppl w the same business interests to have stronger voice

Question 11

Fair trade org

Answer 11

Better prices, working conditions & fair terms of trade for farmers & workers in less economically developed countries.
Ensures companies pay a fair/sustainable prices for their produce so farmers imrpove QoL

Question 12

Sustainability meaning

Answer 12

Protecting/maintaining needs of present w/o compromising future needs

Question 13

Finite resources

Answer 13

Limited supply, used faster than replaced
Eg, fossil fuels, metal ores

Question 14

Non-finite resources

Answer 14

Resources in abundant supply, replaced at same rate as used
Eg. Solar, wind

Question 15

Life Cycle Assessment LCA

Answer 15

way for companies to assess the environmentak impacts of a product during diff stages of its life

Question 16

LCA 5 stages

Answer 16

1. Extraction & processing - energy used to extract raw mats
2. Manufacturing & production - energy needed to manipulate raw mat into refined mats for product
3. Distribution - packaging & transport of product
4. Use
5. End of life - disposal

Question 17

Technology push

Answer 17

When new tech becomes available, designers utilise it to make a product before the market is aware of it

Question 18

Market pull

Answer 18

When market needs a product, designers make smth to meet that demand in response to customer needs

Question 19

How is culture important for design

Answer 19

Fashion trends - market is influenced by ‘latest thing’, natural tendancy for consumers to want to buy into certain, new lifestyles
Faiths & beliefs - desinger responsible for considering wider implications of new product within diff faiths & communities

Question 20

Flexible manufacturing system (FMS)

Answer 20

A method of production designed to easily adapt to changes in the quanity of product being manufactured.
Systems can be configured to manage any change in levels of production

Question 21

Lean manufacturing

Answer 21

Focuses on minimising waste & improving efficiency, in turn saving costs

Question 22

Just-in-Time (JIT) manufacture

Answer 22

Production method to respond to customer demand. By closely monitoring stock, products can be reordered as needed

Question 23

Jus-in-Time (JIT) manufacutre adv

Answer 23

Products made to order, saving storage space
Stock doesnt become old/out of date
More factory space for other uses

Question 24

Just-in-Time (JIT) manufacture disadv

Answer 24

Supply chain must be reliable & fast
Sales are affected by any delay in production/product failures
More expensive - ordering in small quantities prevents bulk volume discounts

Question 25

CAD

Answer 25

enables designers to produce precise technical drawings using a computer. Can be used to create 2D drawings/3D models

Question 26

CAD adv

Answer 26

Accurate designs/measurements
Changes/corrections made easily
Visualisation before manufacturing

Question 27

CAD disadv

Answer 27

Cost of software (hi-spec comouter, printer)
Time taken to learn complex software
Work may be lost (data corrupted/lost)

Question 28

CAM (computer aided manufacture)

Answer 28

Uses computer software to control machine tools & machinery in manufacturing process. Translates CAD data into instruction for machinery
(eg, laser cutter)

Question 29

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) regulations require UK businesses to…

Answer 29

Minimise waste from their electrical equip, promoting reuse
Recycle waste products correctly
Design products by reducing mat use, enhancing reusability & recyclability

Question 30

Planned obsolescence

Answer 30

Deliberate strategy to ensure that a current version of a product will become out of date/worn out within given time frame.