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DT GCSE > SA.3 New Materials > Flashcards

SA.3 New Materials Flashcards

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1
Q

Modern mats: Graphene

A

Signle layer of carbon atoms in hexagonal lattice. Thinnest known material to date. Extremely strong, light & conductive
Uses: sports equip, cooling tech in phones

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2
Q

Modern mats: Metal foam

A

Cellular structure made up from metal containing gas filled pores. Strong. Resists deformation & can be made into complex shapes. Heat res & sound absorption

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3
Q

Modern mats: Liquid crystal display (LCD)

A

Displays sa TVs, contain matrix of pixels to display an image on screen. Varying colours

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4
Q

Modern mats: Coated metals

A

Protect metal. More durable, reduce wear & tear. Unprotected ferrous metal liable to rust & corrosion from exposure to env.
Eg. Teflon, galvanising, anodising

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5
Q

Modern mats: Titanium

A

Found in earth’s crust. Used in form of alloy. High strength, lightweight, corrosion res.
Uses: missiles, aircrafts, doesnt react w human tissue so used for artificial joints

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6
Q

Modern mats: Nanomaterials

A

Made at a very small scale, tiny particles. Adds lightness, tensile strenght & rigidity to products
Uses: medicine, add properties to textiles making them res to bacteria
10^-9

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7
Q

Smart mats: Polymorph

A

Polymer that can be shaped & reshaped many times. When warmed to 62dc, becomes flexible easy to mould. Sets as it cools
Uses: mouldings

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8
Q

Smart mats: Shape memory alloy (SMA)

A

Revert back to og shape after deformed by heat. Super elasticity
Uses: nitinol, used in braces

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9
Q

Smart mats: Quantum tunnelling composite (QTC)

A

Flexible polymer, when squeezed, pressure forces particles tg & current of electrons flow between particles. (Process of electrons jumping across gap from one conducting mat to another is Quantum tunnelling)
Uses: touch sensitive pads

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10
Q

Smart mats: Thermochromic materials

A

Temperature sensitive. Change colour at certain temps

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11
Q

Smart mats: Photochromic materials

A

Change colour when exposed to diff UV levels.
Uses: glasses which lens darken in bright sunlight

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12
Q

Smart materials

A

Responsive to external stimuli

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13
Q

Composite materials

A

Composed of at least 2 diff mats, enhancing properties

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14
Q

Composite mats: Glass reinforced plastic (GRP)

A

Polyster material reinforced w the addition of glass fibre. Strong, lightweight

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15
Q

Composite mats: Carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CRP)

A

Thermoplastic reinforced w carbon fibres. High strength to weight ratio, very rigid

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16
Q

Technical textiles: Gore-Tex

A

Fabric w breathable yet waterproof properties. Allows vapour produced by wearerto escape yet repels water
Uses: outdoor clothing

17
Q

Technical textiles: Protective clothing

A

Used in sports, medical, industrial envs. Can provide: chemical, flame, etc resistance

18
Q

Technical textiles: Kevlar

A

Plastic fibre w high tensile strength. Heat res & extremely hard-wearing. It is a flexible & lightweight fibre known as aramids (which are polyamide fibres).
Polyamide fibres connect to for long chains. These are aligned parallel to each other giving kevlar strength. Fibres are so tightly woven, its nearly impossible to separate them
Uses: body armous, bullet proof vests as tightly woven cloth is cut, puncture & ballistic resistant. Absorb & dissipate an impact

19
Q

Technical fibres: Microfibres

A

Synthetic fibres that can be micro-encapsulated (process of adding coating to tiny particles)

20
Q

Technical textiles: Fire resistant fabrics

A

Withstand heat & resist burning. Heat & flame res fibres woven to produce fabric that provides protection against heat w/o burning.
Uses: res, lightweight & durable so fire fighters use it

21
Q

Technical textiles: Conductive fabrics

A

Thin conductive metal fibres woven into the fabric. Used for thermal heating or allowing electrical signal to pass through them w very little res.

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